IT Case Study Essay

Disposition Formation And Stereotypes ‘Stereotypes’, as indicated by Hogg and Vaughan(2002:46), are impressions of individuals that are firmly affected by broadly shared suspicions of character, conduct and mentalities dependent on bunch enrollment for instance, sex, race, ethnicity and nationality. These suppositions are a disentangled evaluative picture of somebody or a social gathering and its individuals, mental portrayals impact impressions we type of an individual or gathering and are viewed as a social outline. As people generalizations help us to manage a lot of social data we get from an individual or gathering of individuals. This data encourages us to improve our social world to make it sensible, controllable and unsurprising. As per Pennington and McLoughlin (2008:184) Hogg and Vaughan (2002) have done numerous investigations in the course of the most recent 50 years and they sum up there research, the discoveries incorporate; Stereotypes rush to frame and difficult to change. Numerous generaliza tions structure in adolescence and early adolescents. We demonstrate a propensity to quickly generalization others based on few attributes and qualities. Generalizations are significant as they impact impression arrangement, model when we initially meet an individual we allocate them to a social gathering without finding any data out about them; from this we have framed a prior generalization from our early introductions. Perspectives We can't see or measure mentalities legitimately; the term disposition is utilized to speak to a very unpredictable mental procedure. As people we constantly look to find others mentalities, we advise others our perspectives and attempt to transform others assessments. As per Petty and Cacioppo (1986) state mentalities are a general assessment we make about ourselves, others and issues, they proceed to state ‘attitudes have a past, present and future; they were created from past understanding, they control our present conduct and can coordinate o ur improvement in the future’, (Pennington and McLoughlin, 2008:193). Through this definition it is thought mentalities firmly impact the manner in which we act. There are two unique ways to deal with getting mentalities; the basic methodology and the practical methodology. The basic methodology (Katz 1960)- states that mentalities are an assessment (positive or negative) of a disposition, for example It is relied upon for you to hold an uplifting demeanor towards a dear companion and you may hold a negative disposition towards a policy centered issue, this methodology is separated into three parts. (Pennington and McLoughlin 2008:193-194). Intellectual our considerations; Affective-our sentiments and feelings; Behavioral-our conduct The practical methodology binds to comprehend and clarifies what the reason for the demeanor is for the person; there are five unique perspectives in this capacity. (Pennington and McLoughlin 2008:197). Versatile capacity accomplishes objective a nd keeps away from the unfortunate. Self-articulation our sentiment, mentalities and perspectives. Conscience cautious capacity †secures confidence and advances positive mental self portrait, Freudian hypothesis. Information work assists with structure and association. Social modification work oversees social circumstance. Focal qualities †are snippets of data we hook onto while framing initial introductions, these have disproportional impacts over our last impressions. Power impact †data introduced first has the most grounded effect on impressions shaped.

Shakespearean Female Characters And Roles

Shakespearean Female Characters And Roles During the Elizabethan period ladies were not permitted to perform by law as they were peasants around then. Little youngsters, otherwise called smooth young men were employed to act to assume the jobs of more youthful ladies in plays, for example, Juliette. These young men hadnt arrived at adolescence in this way despite everything have smooth skin and high pitch voices. The more established ladies in plays, for example, Julettes nurture, were performed by grown-up male comic on-screen characters The ensembles utilized for the female characters were unpredictable as they needed to mirror the garments worn during the Elizabethan period. They were developed with numerous layers of garments which made it hard for the kid on-screen characters to get dressed. They additionally wore wigs, or periwigs to give to a greater extent a female effect. They applied white make up which were toxic and exceptionally toxic. This got the female on-screen characters to be extremely unfortunate just as having facial skin sicknesses. This caused a high extent of them who passed on of lead harming. This wasnt a wonderful activity for them, they were likewise payed the most minimal out of the considerable number of entertainers. Each shade of garments had its own importance. They were identified with the characters status and rank of the play. These implications were comprehended by the crowd as it additionally the equivalent in their every day lives. The shading, material and style of the garments pass on a huge measure of data. It will likewise demonstrate the job of the character he is playing. The higher positioned outfits were primarily made of velvets, futs, silks or ribbon the Upper Class crowd would simple perceive the material. The lower positioned ensembles were made of cottons and traffeta. There are many kind of female character which Shakespeare has created off color lady, deplorable honest lady, the plotting femme deadly, the clever however unmariable lady, the wedded of lady, the ladies who dress like men and the erroneously blamed for infidelity. Every one of these kinds of character must be performed by the female entertainers. The indecent lady characters are sexualized, brazen and coy, for example, the Nurse in Romeo and Juliet, Margaret in Much Ado about Nothing or Audrey in As you Like It. The female on-screen characters would need to depict this character by utilizing sexual allusion while chatting. Their spruce up would likewise must be lower class. The unfortunate guiltless lady, for example, Juliet from Romeo and Juliet are regularly unadulterated and swear off sex in the start of the play, and pass on when their honesty is lost. The depiction of these characters would must have a high social remaining to the demise appear to be increasingly shocking. A ge nuine case of the plotting femme deadly character is Lady MacBeth. Her control of Macbeth them to both of their demises, as she ends it all and he is killed. Having the option to impeccably showcase this character they would need to be introduced as cunning, intense and free. Numerous Shakespeares comedies end with a lady getting hitched the offered lady. They are performed by the little fellow entertainers, to have the option to go about as Helena and Hermia from the Midsummer Nights Dream. There are sure characters from Shakespeare who are ladies yet dress like men, for example, Rosalind in As you Like It and Viola from Twelfth Night. These characters are clearly as of now performed by men in this manner being an a lot simpler assignment and having more opportunity, featuring the absence of social freedom for ladies. In Shakespeares plays (Othello) ladies are in some cases are erroneously blamed for homicide. This exhibits male uncertainty and female sexuality. In the play Romeo and Juliet, Juliet is played by the little youngster entertainers as she is a young lady. In the beginning of the play the on-screen character should perform Juliet as a youthful and innocent young lady. Sick look to life, if looking enjoying mmove:/But not any more profound will I endart mine eye/Than your agree invigorates fly. This is proof that she is agreeable with her folks wishes, and unpracticed in issues of the heart. In Act 1 Scene 5, the entertainer should have the option to recount an excellent piece communicating her affection. Her advancement in her character in this scene show that she is brilliant and canny. Voice is significant particularly when indicating genuine sentiments of Juliet for Romeo. The entertainer should be talking in monologue in the gallery, indicating development. Freedom and disobedience should be communicated toward the finish of Act 3. She shows mental fortitude t o do whatever she needs to do to be with her better half taking th e mixture from Friar Laurence. In 1660 that was the main time where Women were just permitted to perform in front of an audience as on-screen characters. The response from the crowd were certain and the little fellow entertainers wouldnt need to wear such garments and make-up any longer. Anyway they didn't get a similar status as the men did in the theater. They had a much lower pay than the male entertainers and scarcely any of them became dramatists. Presently in the current day, people perform together in front of an audience, accepting a similar measure of regard and status-including Shakespeares plays. Because of the rights they have been allowed this has gotten typical and in truth plays a positive effect in current venue as it execution has become increasingly practical and less appall to the crowd particularly during sexual landscape. Some of Shakespearean plays are prohibited from performing in view of his depiction of female characters and how they are dealt with.

buy custom Approaches of Exam Preparation essay

purchase custom Approaches of Exam Preparation paper Tests can be discouraging particularly when one isn't completely arranged. Early getting ready is consistently the best cure. Various understudies utilize different methodologies of test planning. It is consistently extraordinary for each as none has equivalent potential with the other. Furthermore, they have clashing inclinations of the class of methods to apply in their update (Green and Wolf, 2005). Approaches of Exam Preparation A few understudies separate their examination methods into two. They manage numerical situated examinations unique in relation to non scientific arranged ones. This partition is received by two characterizations of understudies. The first beginning by making itemized blueprints of every investigation. The do their underlying go through non numerical substance. A while later they make note cards from these blueprints as their succeeding detour through the substance. In the long run, they attempt to submit the note cards to memory. For math section, they give every single reading material issue at that point convey a shot all issues from a modification manual. Anther part doesn't bother with course readings at all when managing math-arranged pieces. They crease over a bit of paper into equal parts along the length. When considering, they note down forthcoming inquiries on one half and the appropriate responses on the other. To set up themselves for tests, they test themselves with the questions they have developed. At long last, they all endeavor practice tests to prepare for a definitive test. However others utilize an arrangement of techniques to make it fascinating. This sort of understudies get exhausted a solitary procedure of considering. They figure traces for some of the material and tackle the issues for different pieces of the materials. At long last, they make cheat sheets for another segment of the prospectus. In some cases they style introductions for different translations on the test. The innovator of the PC balanced notes can even put them available to be purchased after the test is finished. There are different understudies who spread a three-route approach in getting ready for tests. To start with, they concentrate through the material for quite a long time and take notes. Besides, they start to take a shot at issues on reading material and old test inquiries for quite a long time. Finally, they make a broad rundown of records that reiterates the greater part of basic things to focus on memory in tests. Different understudies join every other technique for contemplating. In any case, they make bother test inquiries in their initial time over the span of readings. At that point, they make question, answer note cards and cheat sheets, and retains them. Towards the test, they take perform tests. The last class of understudies makes note cards as the initial step. Next, they leave on splitting the issues. From this, a possible rundown sheet, that is conveyed all over, is made. Taking everything into account, they take practice tests too. End Understudies need to know the current methodologies of test arrangement. Moreover, they should find new strategies they can apply for their advantage. Finding what works best for them and combining it with existing examination strategies can support their presentation. To stay away from a minute ago surge, all understudies need to begin every one of these procedures as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances. Purchase custom Approaches of Exam Preparation exposition

English Lesson Plan Free Essays

Exercise Plan Form: 2 Level: Low moderate †high middle of the road Date: fourth Mac 2013 Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Subject: EnglishTopic: Natural Disaster (Geography) Focused aptitude: Speaking (communication and familiarity) Integrated skill(s): Writing, perusing and thinking abilities Grammar structures/lexical things/phonology: Lexis identified with catastrophic event; quake, flood, casualty and so on Curriculum Specifications: Form 2 †1. : Level 2,vi) Participating in educator guided class conversations on subjects of enthusiasm by; consenting to another and saying as much, differing affably with another and offering one’s thoughts, protecting one’s perspective. Learning results: By the finish of the exercise, the Ss will have the option to: * Content: Enhance their insight about the sorts of cataclysmic event: Know the positive and negative impacts of the catastrophic event * Language: Use the register and lexis identified with catastrophic event e. We will compose a custom exposition test on English Lesson Plan or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now calamity, volcanic ejections, seismic waves, violent wind and so forth: Increase their orals with companions in L2: Practice real correspondence * Cognition: Make expectations dependent on consistent intuition: Reflect on how the fiasco influences people’s life * Internationalization: Develop their insight and mindfulness about the nations that are inclined to cataclysmic event Moral qualities and instructive accentuations (as proper): Develop familiarity with the catastrophic event, working cooperatively Previous information: Students definitely know kinds of catastrophic events and a couple of fundamental impacts and furthermore mind mapping procedure Anticipated issues and proposed arrangements: Problem: Ss have issues with jargon in the understanding Solution: Group conversation, give word reference or give individual assistance to the Ss Resources: LCD projector, PC, speaker, a video that comprises of numerous cataclysmic event, word references, power purpose of the impac ts of catastrophic event, perusing for quake, flood, tornado, spring of gushing lava emission and torrent (5 duplicates each), clear table for vocab records and clear table for the examination between the sorts of catastrophic event Stages/timing| Teaching-learning exercises | Interac-tion| Rationale| A) Lead in 5 †10 minutesB) Task 125MinutesC) Task 230Minutes D) Task 330 minutesClosure5 Minutes| 1. Ensure all Ss have a bit of paper and a pencil 2. Reveal to Ss that they are going to draw a scene that you will portray 3. Direct the accompanying content: ‘Draw three houses in the paper. Every one of the houses has 4 windows and an entryway. On the top of one of the houses, there is a man with a young lady. On the paper, draw a few mists and heavy storm. There is water around the houses that contacts the top windows of the houses†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. 4. Request that Ss take a gander at their image and think what has occurred in the scene. Eg: a. Tropical storm b. Tidal wave c. Flood 5. Get a few thoughts from the Ss of what they believe is occurring 6. Attempt to evoke other vocab identified with cataclysmic event from the Ss. E. g: a. Tornado b. Dry season c. Fiasco and so on 7. Compose the Ss answer on the board 1. Disclose to Ss that they are going to watch a video of different sorts of catastrophic event (the video is around 7 minutes) 2. Request that Ss draw a brain guide of what they anticipate they may find in the video. Disclose to Ss that they can utilize the vocab composed on the board) 3. Solicit Ss to include the sorts from catastrophic event (on the off chance that they don't have it yet) and write down the impacts they have seen from the video to their psyche map 4. Play the video through PC (ensure that the sound in great) 5. Inquire as to whether their forecast is correct 6. Request that Ss converse with their pair about the video (3 minutes) a. What do you feel? b. What have you discovered? 7. Unite the understudies consideration and examine with the entire class (7 minutes) 8. Inquire as to whether they could think about different impacts of cataclysmic event. (8 minutes) E. g: c. Are there any beneficial outcomes? d. On the off chance that indeed, what right? e. Shouldn't something be said about the negative impacts? 9. Show Ss the rundown of result utilizing the force point introduction 1. Partition Ss into little gatherings of 5 or 6 each and dole out number to every one of them from 1 to 5 (some Ss may must be ‘Siamese twin’). 2. Allocate each gathering with a kind of catastrophic event E. g: Group A †Earthquake, Group B †Tornado, and so forth 3. Disclose to Ss that they should peruse materials dependent on the themes and keeping in mind that perusing, they have to fill in the table given with lexis (either subject explicit wordings, scholastic vocabularies or different lexis) from the content given. 4. Give the clear table and the materials to the gatherings as indicated by their point (everybody in Group A will get the perusing on tremor and others get their own theme). 5. Request that Ss contrast their answer and their companions. They could include more lexis as they are talking about. 1. Reveal to Ss that every one of them are the agents for their point. They will introduce the data about the cataclysmic event to the individuals from different gatherings 2. Request that Ss rehash the materials. This opportunity to discover data about the cataclysmic event. E. g: a. The causes b. The impacts c. The nations included d. The procedure and so on 3. Request that Ss examine and contrast their finding and the gathering individuals (10 minutes) to check and bolster getting 4. Refocus the Ss dependent on their doled out numbers (Group 1,2,3,4 and 5) 5. Request that the Ss offer and contrast their discoveries and the others (10 minutes) 6. Give Ss clear table (one every) 7. Request that Ss complete the table with similitudes and contrasts of different kinds of cataclysmic event 8. Assemble the Ss consideration 9. Examine the appropriate response together 10. Ask Ss what they have accumulated or find generally intriguing from the conversation. (10 minutes) E. g: a. Do you discover any likenesses? b. Do you think there is any approach to evade it from occurring? 1. Ask Ss what they have realized and what they feel 2. Sum up the lesson| PlenaryIndividualPlenaryPlenaryPairsPlenaryPairsPlenarySmall groupsIndividualSmall groupsPlenaryIndividualsSmall groupsPlenary| * To acquaint the point * With connect with the Ss * To make the Ss intrigued * To start collaboration * To elevate intuitive exercise * To rehearse expectation * To tune in for explicit data * To urge intelligent deduction * To permit them to rehearse their orals with peers * To uncover them with the subject explicit phrasings * To advance comprehension of the lexis * To give explicit reason for perusing * Encourage conversation and data trade * To energize thinking skills| Instructions to refer to English Lesson Plan, Papers

Government 2 Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Government 2 - Dissertation Example It is workable for a minority thought to keep a lion's share thought from being sanctioned. For this situation, the minority party must have the option to demonstrate an incredible restriction to the larger part party, which doesn't generally happen. The fundamental thoughts of portrayal have not changed, anyway the manner by which the individuals of the branches behave has on the grounds that there is definitely more campaigning and managing interest parties than there were in 1789. Likewise, it appears that the pioneers of both the house and the senate appear to have more force and impact than in earlier years. 2. Examine the procedure of how a Bill turns into a law in Texas. All together for a bill to turn into a law as per the Texas Constitution, it must go through a vote in both the House and the Senate, much like in the government. When a bill is reviewed, it is first taken to the House to be decided on. Contingent upon what the bill is identified with, it is alloted to a counc il in the House where a consultation is held. The board of trustees at that point votes and the bill needs a dominant part vote to pass. At that point, it is brought to the floor of the House for discussion, changes and casting a ballot. The senate follows a similar procedure, which implies once in a while there are two unique duplicates of the bill. For this situation, agents from the two chambers meet to examine and settle. That undermined bill is come back to the two houses for casting a ballot with no changes.

The 5 Major Classes of Antidepressants

The 5 Major Classes of Antidepressants Depression is a growing concern of healthcare in the 21st century and its a second-leading disability in the world, right behind cardiovascular diseases.More and more people are falling prey to this insidious illness and opinions on its causes and treatments differ as we are still unable to treat it with 100% efficiency.Doctors agree that the causes for depression are physiological, psychological and environmental in nature.Psychiatrists usually start treating patients by determining if there are physiological causes for depression.Even when there are no such causes, psychological distress alone can destabilize physiology and antidepressants may come in handy to bring back the homeostatic balance before the psychotherapy enters the scene.However, many doctors are quick to pull the trigger with antidepressants even though some of these medicaments arent to be trifled with.After all Big Pharma earns a significant amount of money from antidepressants and you can imagine how the good doc gets his slice of cake as well.Moreover, many patients with self-diagnosed depression jump straight to treating themselves with happy pills so knowing your drugs may prove to be useful seeing how their popularity grows.CLASSES OF ANTIDEPRESSANTSWe all know that antidepressants help mechanically articulate the dysfunction of our brain-chemistry and neurotransmitters trafficking through the nerve routes to and from the brain.Antidepressants group to form classes depending on the way they affect our central nervous system.Drugs belonging to the same class usually have somewhat similar mechanisms of action or side effects.The difference in the chemical structure of the drugs can decide on how well our body will absorb, tolerate and disseminate the drug.There are 5 major classes of these drugs and a few others that are not that frequently used.Each class has its own advantages, disadvantages and appropriate uses.Provided that your doctor is conscientious and not just mechanically prescr ibing, he/she will closely examine your symptoms, medical history, and coexisting disorders to determine the right kind of a drug for you.The 5 classes they usually choose from are SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, and Atypical Antidepressants. Youre enlightened now, huh?Kidding, well get right to what they are, but first of all, an explanation of what they do is in order.HOW DO ANTIDEPRESSANTS WORKYour mood regulation seems to come down to 3 basic molecules that go by the name of monoamines.They primarily function as neurotransmitters which means they literally transmit signals from the nerves to their matching receptors in the central nervous system.Antidepressants usually have a great impact on the function of the mentioned neurotransmitters.Its usually the case with people suffering from depression that the levels of the mentioned neurotransmitters in their brains are low.Antidepressants usually work by increasing the levels of one or several neurotransmitters in different ways.Now, be fore we jump to specific classes of antidepressants, lets see which neurotransmitters are the antidepressants dealing with.Nota bene: If you dont want to get into the boring neurochemical data, you may as well skip the next chapter and jump straight to SSRIs.THE MAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN CHARGE OF MOOD REGULATIONSerotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT is composed of tryptophan (protein chain) and tryptophan hydroxylase (a chemical reactor).It regulates mood (duh), memory, sleep-wake cycles, internal clock, appetite, digestion, sexual desire (or libido as they call it), social behavior and such.An interesting thing about serotonin is that it occurs evenly throughout the body and it doesnt only influence psychological functions in the brain like the release of melatonin and circadian rhythm.It also has an impact on the function of smooth muscles, bowel movements, gastrointestinal tract, etc. Thats why some consider it a hormone and not just neurotransmitter.Nota bene: Serotonin does nt cross the blood-brain barrier so all serotonin used by the brain, must be produced somewhere in the central nervous system as well.Dopamine (DA, a contraction of  3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) influences decision-making, arousal, pleasure-reward signals, and motivation.Dopamine functions both as a neurotransmitter and a hormone and plays important roles in the body and the brain alike.Its synthesized in the brain and kidneys as well as plants and most animals.The brain has several different dopamine pathways. One of its most popular pathways plays a role in reward-motivated behavior.Other dopamine pathways influence motor control and release of various other hormones.Dopamine is popularized as the main chemical of pleasure, but the current pharmacological opinion is that it confers motivational salience rather than pleasure directly.Important things to note about dopamine are that its levels are affected by other mental disorders as well, such as schizophrenia (heightened dopamin e) and ADHD.Same as serotonin, dopamine cant reach the brain from the bloodstream. Except for the blood vessels, dopamine is synthesized locally in all peripheral systems where it exerts effect and near the releasing cells.Its interesting that dopamine inhibits the release of the next important neurotransmitter norepinephrine.Norepinephrine NE also called noradrenalin NA is an organic chemical in the family of catecholamine. It functions in both body and brain as a hormone and a neurotransmitter.It influences alertness, blood pressure, motor functions, heart rate, etc. The name noradrenaline is derived from Latin which means alongside kidneys and that suggests the place where its synthesized.Its general function is to mobilize the organism (brain and body) for action. Its levels are lowest during sleep, they rise when we wake and are at their peak during stress where they impact the fight-or-flight response.Norepinephrine increases arousal, vigilance, alertness, memory retrieval, attention as well as anxiety.It increases blood pressure, heart rate, the release of glucose, blood flow to skeletal muscles, pupil dilation by contracting the iris.It can be released directly into the bloodstream by adrenal glands to combat low blood pressure in the state of medical emergencies.Now you know what the antidepressants are dealing with here, at least to an extent.The following are the 5 major classes of antidepressants prescribed by the psychiatrists:1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)So this is how it works:Neurotransmitters get attached for the matching receptors in the brain but after a while, they get reabsorbed and their function dissipates.Reuptake inhibitors block or prevent that absorption from happening so that they prolong the effect of serotonin in your central nervous system or your body. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors work by specifically preventing the reabsorption of serotonin which prolongs the effects of serotonin and by now you surely know what they are.SSRIs are a newer class of antidepressants that developed in 1970.Examples of such antidepressants include:Prozac (fluoxetine)Paxil (paroxetine)Zoloft (sertraline)Celexa (citalopram)Luvox (fluvoxamine)Lexapro (escitalopram)Viibryd (vilazodone)They usually have fewer contraindications and side effects than other antidepressants.However, some of their side effects may include nausea, insomnia, anxiety, nervousness, diarrhea, weight gain or loss, sweating, dizziness, and tremors.Some of the worst contraindications include suicidal thoughts and sexual dysfunction (high levels of serotonin can inhibit libido).Symptoms of depression are sometimes known to worsen before the positive impact of SSRIs is noticed, but that should only go for the first month of treatment.SSRIs dont start working before the period of 2-4 weeks has passed and their side effects should decrease in that time as well.The FDA requires for all antidepressants to have a black-box warning abou t the suicidal ideation during initial stages of treatment, especially in adolescents and children.All of that doesnt really scream depression treatment right? Still, these are some of the best drugs that the market offers.SSRIs dont just treat depression, but OCD, anxiety disorders, premature ejaculations, eating disorders, etc.They are known to help during recovery from strokes as well.There is a possibility of SSRIs causing excessive stimulation of the 5-HT receptors. That is called serotonin syndrome or serotonin toxicity and it usually occurs when a person takes more than one serotonin-boosting drugs at the same time.Acute serotonin syndrome can be life-threatening in 2 to 12% of examined cases.Its symptoms include seizures, unconsciousness, high fever, and, in some cases, irregular heartbeats.Discontinuation of the medication is usually enough to reverse the symptoms.2. Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)These antidepressants work do basically the same thi ng as SSRIs do, with the addition of inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine as well. That is why they are called dual-action antidepressants.The first SNRI was approved by the FDA in December 1993 and they are considered the second generation of antidepressants.People suffering from stupor or a catatonic depression may be prescribed these types of drugs as they enhance physical movement and the speed of thought.Patients with psychomotor ailments are treated with SNRIs as well.Some of the SNRIs include:Effexor (venlafaxine)Cymbalta (duloxetine)Pristiq (desvenlafaxine)Savella (milnacipran)Fetzima (levomilnacipran)Side effects of SNRIs include constipation, dry mouth, nausea, drowsiness, insomnia, etc.Some SNRIs like duloxetine are known to treat chronic pain which is a condition closely related to the development of clinical depression.They are also used to treat anxiety, social anxiety disorders (SADs), PTSD or post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder and nerve pain and fibr omyalgia.Contrary to popular belief, reuptake inhibitors do not cause addiction, but some withdrawal symptoms are still known to occur. SNRIs among themselves differ to an extent as they harbor different pharmacological properties. It is still unknown whether these differences will become clinically relevant or not.3. Trycyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)Trycyclic Antidepressants belong to an older class of antidepressants first discovered and approved in the 1950s. Their chemical structure of three interconnected atom rings is what gave them their name.They function somewhat similarly to previously mentioned reuptake inhibitors since they block the absorption of serotonin and norepinephrine into presynaptic nerve cells.They also block or inhibit the reabsorption of another neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh).Acetylcholine mainly regulates the movement of skeletal muscles. Motor neurons of the nervous system use ACh to activate muscles.That means that drugs that deal with choline rgic systems may have dangerous effects ranging from convulsions to paralysis.In the brain, ACh has many effects on plasticity, reward as well as arousal. ACh plays an important role in alertness enhancement when we wake up. It also helps sustain attention and learning or memorizing.Examples of TCAs include:Elavil (amitriptyline)Norpramin (desipramine)Asendin (amoxapine)Anafranil (clomipramine)Pamelor (nortriptyline)Tofranil (imipramine)Vivactil (protriptyline)Surmontil (trimipramine)Sinequan (doxepin)Sometimes ludiomil or maprotiline is mentioned next to TCAs, although it belongs to the TeCas (tetracyclic antidepressants) seeing how it has a fourth atomic ring.Common symptoms of TCAs include blurry vision, dizziness, weight gain, drowsiness, dry mouth.In fewer occasions, they can cause low blood pressure, irregular heartbeats or even seizures.Besides depression treatment, tricyclic antidepressants can help alleviate chronic pain.They were once frequently used in treating ADHD (atte ntion deficit hyperactivity disorder) in kids, but they have been replaced with more effective drugs with fewer contraindications.4. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)One of the oldest and first classes of antidepressants were monoamine oxidase inhibitors. This class was first discovered in the 1950s.MAOIs inhibit the functioning of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase. This enzymes function is to break down monoamines. By blocking the whole process, MAOIs allow more neurotransmitters to engage in mood regulation.They are considered as effective as SSRIs and TCAs, but they are less frequently in use due to necessary dietary precautions as well as risks of adverse effects when mixed with other types of drugs.Some of MAOIs in the market include:Nardil (phenelzine)Parnate (tranylcypromine)Marplan (isocarboxazid)Emsam (selegiline)Its important to note that MAOI treatment necessarily involves specific dietary restrictions.Despite its obvious risks like nausea, anxiety, insomnia, drowsine ss, convulsions, etc. it is a useful drug in battling PTSD, personality disorders and bipolar depression.As with the TCAs, its use is prescribed usually when other antidepressant options fail. 5. Atypical AntidepressantsThere are many other antidepressants that dont really fit into any of the above-described categories.These are described as atypical antidepressants as their mechanism of action greatly differs even though they also affect serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine levels in our organisms.Examples of atypic antidepressants include:Wellbutrin (bupropion) which is classified as a  dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Its used to treat the seasonal affective disorder and other mood disorders resembling depression as well as depression itself. Its a great smoking cessation aid as well.Remeron (mirtazapine) is a  noradrenergic antagonist  used to treat major clinical depression by blocking stress hormone receptors of the brain.Oleptro (trazodone) and Brintellix (vortioxetine) are  ser otonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors  used to treat depression by inhibiting serotonin reuptake and blocking the adrenergic receptors.Symbax combines the Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine with the antipsychotic fluoxetine in order to treat bipolar depression disorders or depression. which is generally treatment-resistantSide effects of these antidepressants vary to a great degree, but the golden antidepressant classics such as dry mouth, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, blurry vision, convulsions, nausea, etc. are present.THE EFFICIENCY OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND CONTROVERSIESSome data suggest that 5 to 6 people out of every 10 will experience a certain improvement in mood regulation after 3 months of antidepressant use.People who experience improvement should continue medicating for at least 6 months after the initial improvement. Patients who stop before 8 months of medicating often suffer recursive symptoms.Theres data that suggests that long-term use of these drugs might worsen the symptoms in some patients.It should be noted that antidepressants during pregnancy are not advised.Theres an occurring thought that antidepressant drug trafficking is a market based on a myth. The myth in question is scientifically known as monoamine hypothesis.Its a theory about the causes of depression being purely physiological and relating to the neurotransmitter imbalance in the nervous system.Since its a hypothesis, its not yet scientifically proven and yet its the number 1 market supported therapy.Some scientists are questioning whether the neurotransmitters indeed have a role in triggering depression.Such examinations are, of course, not given attention by the global media or institutional practices as they undermine the business so to speak.Theres also a growing concern that use of antidepressants could result with a natural serotonin depletion with long-lasting adverse effects.The other problem of the whole pharmacotherapy is that its not possible to meas ure serotonin levels in the brain since serotonin doesnt cross the blood-brain barrier and since it is produced in the brain and the gut as well. Same goes for dopamine and norepinephrine.Researchers cant know for a fact that the levels of neurotransmitters or hormones reflect their presence in the brain.Moreover, theres a possibility that the hormonal and neurotransmitter imbalance in the organism is not a cause, but the effect of the psychological ailment of depression.There were animal studies that suggested that serotonin i.e. may not play a role in causing depression. The researches were done with mice with absolutely incapacitated serotonergic centers in their brains. They showed no signs of depression even when placed under severe stress.However, other studies have proven that mice that lacked serotonin were more susceptible to social stressors. Talk about science being exact and up to the point, huh?CONCLUSIONThe situation with depression, its causes, nature, and effects is complex, to say the least. Science is still baffled by it and many theories try to explain its origin and suggest the ways of battling it.Such diversity has opened the market for many agents that promise cures and successful treatments of the ailment.Life coaches offer training on the streets, different modalities of psychotherapy have their own charms and there are spiritualists offering ceremonies and illegal, but natural remedies that oddly work in a similar manner as antidepressants, with the exception of being a couple of million years older than artificial drugs.There is a great threat of laymen and crooks exploiting the affected, but then again theres a threat of the more institutionalized forms of treatment being equally illegitimate as well.One should study all the different manners of therapy before opting for one.The mere fact that there are two different callings and trainings, one psychiatric and the other psychological and psychotherapeutic, speak for themselves.In the ory, those two should work together in order to help those in need, but due to vanity, power relations and such, its rarely the case in real life.Before seeing the doctor or diagnosing yourself with depression, you should make sure that your sleeping patterns arent imbalanced simply because of your social life.Make sure that you exercise enough, have a healthy diet and sleep well then check your surroundings for toxicity and stupidity.As the popular meme goes: Before you diagnose yourself with depression, make sure youre not surrounded by complete as**oles.Theres a theory of depressive realism that suggests the possibility of depressed people actually having a better picture of the nature of our society.Antipsychiatric movements of the late 1960s lead by some of the 20th century best philosophers like Foucault have pleaded against mental health industry since it doesnt recognize the causes of mental disorders and rather induces them instead of treating them.Authors like Deleuze have suggested that society, economy, and social psychology are to blame for the mental disorders that are normal peoples reaction to the negative state of the world weve created for ourselves.Even Freud suggested that oppressive culture may result in neurotic disorders.Spiritualists and clergy claim that depression is a symptom of communication breakdown between man and divinity or sacred nature.On the other hand, theres a couple of thousand-year-old class of MDs specializing in therapy and devoting their lives to the science of medicine.All of these branches suggest their own major classes of antidepressants, so choose pick your poison.

I Took MCAT2015 Rachels Story

This interview is part of a  new series, featuring  interviews with MCAT2015 test takers, offering readers an inside look at the exam experience and some of the top MCAT test prep services out there. And now for a chat with Rachel  who scored a 26 on the old MCAT and a 515 on the new exam. Accepted: We’d like to get to know you! Where are you from? Where and what did you study as an undergrad? When did you graduate? Rachel: I grew up in the Twin Cities and attended the University of Minnesota, graduating with a B.S. in Child Psychology and a Spanish Studies minor.   Accepted: As a non-science major, what steps are you taking to boost your pre-med knowledge and requirements?   Rachel: As a non-science major, I have taken several steps to prepare for medical school. One major step has been catching up on my prerequisite science courses during the last two years. I have also found several opportunities to gain exposure to medicine, which include volunteering in a hospital, working as a clinical research coordinator, and shadowing physicians in different medical specialties. Currently, I am completing a phlebotomy program in order to gain meaningful, hands-on patient care experience. These steps have all been helpful in getting to know the field and building skills and knowledge that will be an important foundation for a medical education.   Accepted:  As someone who has taken both the old MCAT and the new MCAT, you must have insights into some of the changes. How do the two exams compare? Likes/dislikes?   Rachel: The old and new versions of the MCAT are more alike than they are different. Both are challenging and require serious preparation. The new MCAT is a bit longer, so it was really helpful to take several full-length practice exams under the time constraints and in conditions as close to the real exam situation as possible. I like the new social science section, in part because of my educational background, and also because I believe this is an important aspect of medicine. The content in the other sections is pretty comparable.   Accepted: Can you tell us about your experience with Princeton Review? Why did you choose this company? What were some of their features that most impressed you?   Rachel: For both exams, I chose to study on my own. I used the Princeton Review complete study package for the new MCAT and found it to be very helpful. The material is presented in a clear manner, and I think the content is a bit more in-depth than in some other prep resources. Since I was studying the first edition for the new exam, there were a few minor errors in the books, but corrections were promptly provided on their website. The online practice exams that came with my package were invaluable. They are formatted like the real exam and add more opportunities to really practice applying one’s knowledge.   Accepted: Did you use any other test prep resources? Rachel: I used ExamKrackers when studying for the old MCAT and also referred back to some of their materials to supplement my preparation for the new MCAT. I would say this is a great resource for students who have a strong background in the relevant subjects and want more of a short and to-the-point review. For the new MCAT, I continued to use the Verbal Reasoning review book (now the CARS section), which offers practical tips for performing quick problem-solving and efficiently tackling the written passages. The 1001 series is great to use for lots of practice questions. Accepted: Do you plan on retaking the exam?   Rachel: I am still waiting to see how medical schools approach the new MCAT scores before I decide for certain whether or not to retake the exam. At this time, I feel satisfied with my score and my significant improvement between two attempts. Accepted: When and where do you plan on applying to med school? Have you completed any other med school admissions components? Rachel: I plan on applying to both MD and DO schools during next year’s application cycle. I first applied to medical schools in 2014, so I have been through the application process once before. Accepted: What do you think went wrong last application cycle? What changes will you make this time around to strengthen your candidacy?   Rachel: During the 2014 application cycle, I did not take the MCAT until August. In order to keep moving through the application process, I submitted my applications before my MCAT score was released. It was a bit of a gamble, but I was eager to apply and decided to go for it. When my score was released, it was close to the average and wasnt competitive enough. Looking back, I would advise others in a similar situation to take their time and wait to apply until they are truly ready. It is a long and costly process that may not be worth the investment if you are unsure about the strength of your application, especially with a critical component like GPA or MCAT score. As I look forward to the next application cycle, I hope that my candidacy will be strengthened by my second MCAT score along with additional science coursework, research involvement, and patient care experience. Accepted: Do you have any advice for our readers? Rachel: For MCAT preparation, my best advice is to practice, practice, practice! There is never an end in sight to the material that can be reviewed, but application of concepts and being able to complete each section within the time limits are essential. Take a full-length practice exam early on to assess your strengths and weaknesses. Whether you take a prep course or prepare on your own, following a strict study schedule and setting daily or weekly goals helps keep you on track. When the application cycle opens, begin the process early and give yourself plenty of time to carefully complete all of the components and gather your letters of recommendation. And one more thing Going through the application cycle can be stressful and may wear down your confidence as an applicant. As you move through the process, try to remember the bigger picture and why medicine matters to you. Remember that you have unique qualities, strengths, and experiences that set you apart from others. Surround yourself with the support of those who believe in you, too!   Good luck, everyone! We’ll get there! You can follow Rachels story by following her on Twitter at @0neCuriousCat. Thank you Rachel for sharing your experience with us – we wish you loads of luck! Related Resources: †¢ The New MCAT  Whats Hype, Whats Real and What You Can Do Today  [on-demand webinar] †¢ 4 Things Your MCAT Score Says About You †¢ Your MCAT Score and GPA  [Resources to help you shine!]

Improving Efficiency with Business Process Modeling

In order for businesses to be successful, they must find out what the customer wants and meet that need. This can be difficult when dealing with the ever-evolving trends of today’s society. Businesses must remain flexible and constantly be experimenting with new technology and ideas to better provide their services to the customer. To help accomplish this goal, Business Process Modeling can be used to provide a solution, to help refine and organize business processes, which may in return make the business more efficient. A key feature of any successful business is how the business provides its services to customers. This is often done through business processes, a collection of organized tasks or activities that are intended to accomplish a specific goal. (Pittarese, 2014) These tasks may encompass different functional areas and are designed to â€Å"create value for the customer.†(Pittarese, 2014) Though a business is successful and may have been around for quite some time, they often find the need to update their business processes, in order to keep up with customer demands, technological advances, and to improve efficiency within their company. One way of doing this could be through business process modeling, a tool used by businesses to create a diagram of the various business processes and actions that are carried out within a company. In order to create a business process model, a business must first identify and create the current business process model, which isShow MoreRelatedModeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business899 Words   |  4 PagesModeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business Modeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business CIS 331 System Modeling Theory Modeling and Its Importance to the Decision Making Process in Business When we refer to models, often times we picture a model as being something that is tangible, two or three dimensional, and a miniature replica of how we imagine a particular project. However, models can be used in practical everyday aspectsRead MoreCurrent Trends On The Construction Industry841 Words   |  4 Pagesvalues for the construction business will be progressively increased with extensions of modern technologies and state-of-the-art concepts for improving construction performance, especially in project cost and schedule achievements (Peiffer, 2016). Although it is noticeable that diverse tendencies, including prefabrication or offsite constructions, green buildings, remodeling, etc., are taking higher place in the next decades, true collaborations, sophisticated building modeling tools, and practical value-boostedRead MoreCustomer Service Of Ocean Imports For Dhl Global Forwarding Canada1605 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this paper we describe the steps followed to improve the Business Process of the critical core service of Ocean Imports for DHL Global Forwarding Canada. The main contribution in this paper is showing the study, modeling and analysis used to improve the business processes for the Ocean Imports department at DGF Global Forwarding Canada. The purpose of this modeling is not only to understand the business process that is used, but also to show the inconsistencies that were identifiedRead Moretech summary Essay examples1464 Words   |  6 Pages1ï ¼â€°Automation: improve efficiency and make manual steps not required 2ï ¼â€°Rationalization: Streamline standard operating procedures 3ï ¼â€°Business process reengineering: Analyze, simplify, and redesign business processes 4ï ¼â€°Paradigm shifts: Rethink the nature of the business and the nature of organization. †¢ Define business process management and describe the steps required to carry it out. Business process management: use various tools and methodologies to analyze existing processes, design new process, and optimizeRead MoreCase Study : Restaurant General Manager801 Words   |  4 Pagesand providing coaching and direction to improve their Departments results. By improving the Departments, the restaurant improves. The GM is responsible for energizing crew and managers. This includes hiring and developing each manager to make sure that the restaurant has the right team to lead into the future. Performance Measurements Sales Growth Peak Sales Growth Guest Count Growth Guest Count Forecast Efficiency Restaurant Profit Manager and Crew Staffing Levels Operations Review Scores CSORead MoreCurrent Trends On The Construction Industry973 Words   |  4 Pagesvalues for the construction business will be progressively increased with extensions of modern technologies and state-of-the-art concepts for improving construction performance, especially in project cost and schedule achievements (Peiffer, 2016). 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Business Overview Goals The overall goal of the business is to make a profit through efficient management. As it’s not an independent business organisation (because it

The Importance Of Active Teaching And Learning Essay

What does ACTIVE teaching and learning mean to you? †¢ Active teaching and learning means that the students are actively participating in the learning process. The students are actively engage with the material, participating in the class, and collaborating with other students and the teacher to make meaning of the material being taught. Therefore, I plan to use active teaching in my classroom in which students can construct their own meaning of the material through investigation, inquiry, activities, and class discussions. What might ACTIVE teaching and learning look like within an elementary classroom? †¢ Active teaching and learning in the elementary classroom would entail students learning through hands on activities. Many students learn best through practicing the skill rather than reading or listening about it. Therefore, I will incorporate as many hands on activities to get students to become active participants in learning. An Inquiry Experience would be a great activity seen in the elementary classroom in which the students are actively learning. One may also see students actively learning through activity such as See Think Wonder, or Photo Analysis to analyze historical photos from the event being studied. The students may even do a picture walk, or visual the story with a picture book that connects with the material being taught. There are many activities that one may see in the elementary classroom that involves active teaching and learning. What aspectsShow MoreRelatedTowards Constructivist Teaching And Learning909 Words   |  4 PagesTowards Constructivist Teaching and Learning Abstract Recent developments in South Australia have emphasised the importance of constructivism as a theoretical basis for curriculum development and implementation, and associated school reform, in government schools. 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Biography of Alice Creator, Lewis Carroll

Born in 1832, Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was the eldest boy of 11 children. Raised in Daresbury, Cheshire, England, he was known for writing and playing games, even as a child. An avid storyteller, Carroll enjoyed creating stories for children, and went on to publish two notable novels: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass. In addition to his career as a writer, Carroll was also known for being a mathematician and logician, as well as an Anglican deacon and a photographer. He passed away in Guildford, England on January 14, 1898, just a few weeks before his 66th birthday. Early Life   Carroll was the eldest boy of 11 children (the third child) born to his parents on January 27, 1832. His father, Rev. Charles Dodgson, was a clergyman, having served as a perpetual curate at the old parsonage at Daresbury, where Carroll was born. Rev. Dodgson went on to become the rector of Croft in Yorkshire, and despite his duties, always found time to tutor the children in their school studies and instill in them morals and values. Carroll’s mother was Frances Jane Lutwidge, who was known for being patient and kind with the children. The couple raised their children in a small isolated village, where the children found ample ways to amuse themselves throughout the years. Carroll, in particular, was known for coming up with creative games for the children to play, and eventually started writing stories and composing poetry. When the family moved to Croft after Rev. Dodgson was offered a larger parish, Carroll, who was 12 years old at the time, started developing â€Å"Rectory Magazines.† These publications were collaborative compositions within the family, and everyone was expected to contribute. Today, there are a few surviving family magazines, some of which are handwritten by Carroll and include his own illustrations. As a boy, Carroll was not only known for writing and storytelling, he was also known to have an aptitude for mathematics and classical studies. He received awards for his mathematics work during his time at Rugby School, which he attended after his years at Richmond School in Yorkshire. It is said that Carroll was bullied as a student and didn’t love his school days. He reportedly stammered as a child and never outgrew the speech impediment, and also suffered from having a deaf ear, the result of a severe fever. As a teenager, he experienced a severe instance of whooping cough. But his health and personal struggles in school never seemed to affect his academics studies or professional pursuits. In fact, Carroll later went on to enroll at Christ Church College in Oxford in 1851 after receiving a scholarship (known as a studentship at the school). He earned his degree in mathematics in 1854 and became a lecturer of mathematics at the school, which was akin to serving as a tutor. This position meant that Carroll was to take holy orders from the Anglican Church and to never marry, two requirements that he agreed upon. He became a deacon in 1861. The plan was for Carroll to become a priest, at which point he could have married. However, he decided that parish work was not the correct avenue for him and remained a bachelor his entire life. Years later, starting in the early 1880s, Carroll served as his college’s Curator of its Common Room. His time at Oxford came with a small salary and an opportunity to conduct research in mathematics and logic. Carroll was also afforded the luxury of pursuing his passion for literature, composition, and photography. Photography Career Carroll’s interest in photography began in 1856 and he found great joy in photographing people, particularly children and notable figures in society. Among those that he photographed included English Poet Alfred Lord Tennyson. At the time, photography was a complex practice that required strong technical expertise, as well as great patience and understanding of the process. As such, it’s no surprise that the craft brought much enjoyment to Carroll, who enjoyed more than two decades of practice in the medium. His work included developing his own studio and amassing a collection of photographs that is reported to have once included about 3,000 images, though it appears that only a fraction of his work has survived over the years. Carroll was known to have traveled with his gear, taking photos of individuals and saving them in an album, which was his chosen method for showcasing his work. He collected autographs from the individuals he shot and took the time to show them how their images would be used within the album. His photography was only displayed publicly once, showcased in a professional exhibition sponsored by the Photographic Society of London in 1858. Carroll gave up his practice of photography in 1880; some say that the modern developments of the art form made it too easy to create an image, and Carroll lost interest. Writing Career The mid-1850s were also a time of development for Carroll’s writing career. He began composing a number of not only mathematical texts but also humorous works. He adopted his pseudonym of Lewis Carroll in 1856, which was created when he translated his first and middle names into Latin, changing their order of appearance, and then translating them back to English. While he continued to publish his mathematical work under his given name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, his other writing appeared under this new pen name. The same year that Carroll assumed his new pseudonym, he also met a four-year-old girl named Alice Liddle, the daughter of the head of Christ Church. Alice and her sisters provided much inspiration for Carroll, who would create imaginative stories to tell them. One of those stories was the basis for his most famous novel, in which he described the adventures of a young girl named Alice who fell into a rabbit hole. Alice Liddle asked Carroll to turn his verbal tale into a written work, which was initially titled, â€Å"Alice’s Adventures Underground.† After several revisions, Carroll published the story in 1865 as the now-famous title of, â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.† The novel was illustrated by John Tenniel. The success of the book encouraged Carroll to write a sequel, â€Å"Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There,† which was published in 1872. This second novel drew from many of the stories that Carroll had written years earlier, and included many of his famous Wonderland characters, including Tweedledee and Tweedledum, the White Knight, and Humpty Dumpty. The novel also included a popular poem titled, â€Å"Jabberwocky† about a mythical monster. The nonsensical piece of writing has long puzzled readers and provided ample opportunities for analysis and interpretation from scholars. Famous Quotes From Lewis Carroll While many children’s books of the times were written with the goal of sharing moral lessons for children, Carroll’s work was reportedly written purely for entertainment purposes. Some say that Carroll’s writing includes hidden meanings and messages about religion and politics, but most reports support the notion that Carroll’s novels did no such thing. They were purely entertaining books that were enjoyed by children and adults alike, particularly with their nonsensical characters and occurrences and the intelligent ways in which Alice responded to the various situations she encountered. â€Å"Everything’s got a moral, if only you can find it.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Contrariwise, if it was so, it might be; and if it were so, it would be; but as it isn’t, it ain’t. That’s logic.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"She generally gave herself very good advice (though she seldom followed it.)† Death His later years were taken up with mathematics and logic projects, as well as trips to the theater. Only a few weeks before his 66th birthday, Carroll fell ill with influenza, which eventually developed into pneumonia. He never recovered and died at his sister’s home in Guildford on January 14, 1898. Carroll was buried at the Mount Cemetery in Guildford and has a memorial stone in Poets’ Corner at Westminster Abbey.

Greek Religion Ancient Greeks - 1704 Words

Ancient Greeks worshipped lots of different gods. They believed many gods appeared in human form and were provided with superhuman strength. The Greeks usually worshipped in sanctuaries located within the city or the country. A sanctuary was a well-defined sacred space set apart usually by an enclosure wall. They also worshipped in temples. Temples benefited from their natural surroundings, helping the expression of character divinities. The Greeks also had a Christian Orthodox church they used. The Greek religion had a total of twelve gods, each representing a certain aspect of human behavior. Religion was always present. The Greeks had rituals, myths, and temples with the beliefs being widespread so the Greek government could function. Each god did a different thing, with different powers. Each were always needed, and their powers were always necessary. They usually all got along unless one was made mad. Greek religion was combinations of old Minoan beliefs. To some extent always remained familiar but its far from easy understanding. The Greeks thought of their religion as unique and unrepeatable. They believed that after death, a soul went on a journey to a place called the underworld (â€Å"Everyday life, Beliefs, and Myths†). If the soul went to the underworld the god of death would cut off a lock of your hair as you died. Hermes, the messenger god, would then lead you to the river, Styx. If your body was once buried the ferryman god would deliver you across the river.Show MoreRelatedGreek Religion : Ancient Greece1601 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough Greek religion is no longer popular because of it s diversity compared to religion today, it had a great standing back in Ancient Greece; Many aspects played a role in creating it s foundation such as the deities, worship and rituals, and mystics and oracles. Greek religion was considered polytheistic for it s belief in many gods and they were called upon during everyday trials and tribulations, providing their wisdom and guidance. The deities depicted in Greek mythology had strangeRead MoreAncient Greek Religion Essay1869 Words   |  8 PagesAncient Greek Religion: Mycenaean to Classical Period Ancient Greece has been a religion- centered culture since the earliest period of habitation in Greece, the Pre-Mycenaean/Mycenaean period. Also through to the Dark Ages to the Classical period. It is a religiously centered civilization, and did have significant changes in the how it was incorporated into people’s daily lives. Religion is important to know about the Ancient Greeks because through it we are able to understand how they lived theirRead MoreAncient Greek And Roman Religion Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesThe ancient Greek and Roman religion was the belief in God. They had similar views, but also some differences. It composed of many meaningful Gods and Goddesses that played the part in the everyday life of the average Roman and the Greek citizen. Before going into their beliefs and many strange legends, we must consider what kind of beings these divinities were. From history, there’s the first dynasty that consisted of the origin of the world, Uranus and Ge. The ancient Greeks had several theoriesRead MoreAncient Greek Religion And Ancient Greece1955 Words   |  8 PagesThough Ancient Greece was made up of many different regions and colonies, these 3 things were almost always in view. The ancient Greeks worshiped many different gods and goddesses that each controlled something in the mortal world. What was different about their gods and goddesses was that they were very human like. They looked like mortals, had thoughts like mortals, and they even quarreled with each other like we do. Ancient Greek religion is also known as Greek Mythology, Classical Religion, andRead MoreEssay on Ancient Greek and Mesopotamian Religions - a Comparison1501 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Religions By: MLB As civilization has progressed through the ages, many religions have arisen and taken hold around the world, two if the most interesting, being the religious beliefs of the ancient Mesopotamian and the Greeks. These two religions were practiced in different areas and at different times and, therefore, show that religion has played a critical role in every society and civilization. No matter how it is organized or what typeRead MoreHow Did The Religion Of Ancient Greeks Played A Role?1201 Words   |  5 PagesKenzay Rivers Ms. Finney How did the religion of ancient Greeks played a role in their daily lives? 10 November 2016 How did the religion of ancient Greeks played a role in their daily lives? In the ancient Greek world, religion was personal, direct, and present in its citizens’ daily lives. During this time, they participated in animal sacrifices and offerings, created myths to explain the beginning of the human race and gave reverence to their gods by building temples which controlled theRead More Classical Greek Architecture Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesClassical Greek Architecture The reuse of older art works in contemporary times is not an uncommon occurrence, and many examples can be seen throughout the day as one goes from place to place. Even when one is browsing through the World Wide Web can many uses of older art and architecture be seen, as with the example shown. This image was found on the internet at the American Express homepage (http://www.americanexpress.com/student/), which functions as a resource for college students to findRead MorePlato, The, And The Myth Of Er1757 Words   |  8 PagesIn 399 BCE, nineteen years before Plato transcribed Republic, classical Greek philosopher Socrates was formally put on trial and executed on the citation of two â€Å"impious† acts: having â€Å"failed to acknowledge the gods that the city acknowledges† and â€Å"introducing new deities.† These two recognized accusations, and the punishment that Socrates paid for them through a poisonous hemlock-based liquid, was witnessed by his student, Plato. Plato was inspired to later write Socratic works and dialogues dedicatedRead MoreWorks and Days by Hesiod1163 Words   |  5 PagesE., the Greek poet Hesiod produced what is generally thought to be the oldest surviving Greek poetic works. During this time, Greece was near the middle of its Archaic period, a period of technological, social, political, and cultural innovations. This was the period in which the first true alphabet system arose, the system which allowed Hesiod and other poets like him to record permanently the oral stories and lyrics so important to Greek culture. This was also the time in which the Greek polis emergedRead MoreAnalysis Of Neil Fraser s The Golden Age 1893 Words   |  8 PagesTheatre History Explained Neil Fraser outlines the history of theatre from Greek and Roman times, all the way through the twentieth century. Fraser makes a claim that theatre truly began in Greek culture with even the Roma’s looking upon that time as â€Å"the golden age†. â€Å"The Romans looked back on Greek theatre of circa 600BC as a golden age, and we can still make a case for the great plays of that period as having never been bettered.† (Fraser, 2004, pg.5). Some of the more important highlights of

Three Significant Reasons Why I Love Outdoor Activity Free Essays

Donghyun Lee (20110108) Prof. Lisa Lee English 2 (Sec. 60) October 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Three Significant Reasons Why I Love Outdoor Activity or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2012 Three Significant Reasons Why I Love Outdoor Activity There are many kinds of outdoor activities. Outdoor activity gives many mental or physical advantages to people. Therefore, many people love outdoor activity for various reasons regardless of its characteristic. For example, some like outdoor activity because of his or her own satisfaction. In addition, others do outdoor activity because it helps them to improve their health. However, the reason why I love field activity is on account of three important changes in my body : being refreshed, being short of breath, being thirsty. The first change which field activity creates is being refreshed. When I have trouble in studying or working, I have a splitting headache. It feels like being struck on the head by a hammer. At that time, I go outside and do simple outdoor activities like walking or skipping. Then, I feel the fresh air flowing through my veins ,and I am recharged. For example, when I was a high school student, I usually did a simple ball game when I was tired of studying. Therefore, being revived is the first change of my body which makes me do open-air activity. The second part of variety that field activity makes for me is being short of breath. There is no doubt that being short of breath is a very tiring feeling to anyone. I feel that exhausting feeling as well. However, though it is painful, I feel alive when I am scant of breath. For instance, when I do exercise which needs sustaining power like a marathon, I become so excited and aggressive since I think I am exceeding the limit of my physical strength. Thus, being scant of breath is another motivating power that makes me enjoy an outdoor activity. Finally, the last significant body change that motivates me to do open-air activity is being thirsty. The reason why being thirsty can be the cause of doing field activity is because drinking water after outdoor activity gives me happiness which cannot be described. For example, I become the happiest person in the world and feel as if I can fly while drinking water after doing a field activity. A cup of water after feeling raging thirst cannot be exchanged with any other delicious foods. As a result, thirst can be the body change which let me do outdoor activity. I become invigorated, short of breath, and thirsty by outdoor activity regardless of its feature. These body changes are the motivating power of making me do outdoor activity since the changes end up giving a positive feeling to me. What are the factors which make you do outdoor activity? How to cite Three Significant Reasons Why I Love Outdoor Activity, Essay examples

Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World out of fear of Essay Example For Students

Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World out of fear of Essay societys apparent lack of morals and corrupt behaviour during the roaring twenties. Huxley believed that the future was doomed to a non-individualistic, conformist society, a society void of the family unit, religion and human emotions. Throughout the novel, Huxley predicts many events for the future, most of which concentrate on a morally corrupt society. The most important of these predictions include: greater sexual freedom, over-population, brain-washing/sleep-teaching, and the use of mind altering drugs. Aldous Huxleys Brave New World warns of a possible future dystopia, based onsocial attitudes and medical advancements of his time. Huxleys future dystopia is created largely by perverted sexual freedoms, which in turn cause corrupt individuals, entirely lacking ethicsand morals. Sexual promiscuity appears to be a much more frequent activity now then it was in the Thirties. Critics blame the advent of the pillfor declining morality and indiscriminate sexual activity. Many believe that each time medicine reduces the risk of unwanted diseases and pregnancies, society, on the whole, will increase its sexual activity. Huxleys prediction of promiscuity is based on his iron law of sexuality: As political and economic freedom diminishes, sexual freedom tends compensatingly to increase. A current example of Huxleys belief is China. China is the last remaining communist regime, it also suffers from having one fifth of the worlds population within its borders. Needless to say, Chinas large population is a direct result of a very sexually active society. Aldous Huxleys fears of the future caused him to write about sexual freedom and the resulting over-population in Brave New World. Over-population is another problem which is addressed by Huxley, and is the direct result of sexual freedom. The fear which Huxley addressesconcerning population control is: Food supplies cannot grow as fast as people can, and population growth in underdeveloped countries will jeopardize the world order. Simply stated the growing population of earth will consume more than it will be able to produce, unless some form of regulatingbirths can be created. This is an obvious truth today, as millions of people are starving each day. The brave new world that Huxley speaks of, is a warning to mankind concerning its destruction of the laws of nature. For example, marriage is forbidden, as well as, pregnancies, and mothers are non-existent because possible children result in abortion. In Brave New World over-population is solved by societys ability to produce as many or as few humans as are necessary to keep the populationat equilibrium. The solution is test-tube babies or bottled babies as th ey are referred to in the book. Effective birth control of such a large population is difficult to achieve, especially in a society where people areencouraged to be sexually active with numerous partners. Today, the world is facing over-population head on, with mixed results. Abortions are not readily accepted by most, and birth control in third world countries is virtually impossible. Huxley realizes the problem with mass birth control,and solves it by making seventy percent of the female population sterile, while only thirty percent of the women remain fertile. By leaving thirty percent of the women fertile, Huxley is able to show that even though birthcontrol on a large scale is difficult, it is possible to achieve. Through the religious use of contraceptives, pregnancies rarely occur, however, when a pregnancy does occur it results in an immediate abortion. Huxleys fear of over-population and the control of so many people is an obvious concern which comes to light in Brave New W orld. Brain-washing is suggested by Aldous Huxley in the form of manipulating individuals, rather than the masses. While brain-washing and sleep-teachingare different (the former being done while the subject is awake, and the latter being done while the subject is asleep), both methods employed by Huxley, act upon the subconscious to obtain the same final results. Prior to Brave New World, Huxley researched the Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov and his experiments on dogs. The Pavlovian dog was subjected to highly stressful conditions, this was done to teach the dog how to react to certain stimuli. The end results of these tests were dogs who had been broken, became mentally insane. Prime human examples are the veterans of

A Poison Tree by William Blake Essay Example For Students

A Poison Tree by William Blake Essay A Poison Tree by William Blake can be interpreted to be a metaphor that explains a truth of human nature. I believe that this poem teaches how anger can be dismissed by kindness and friendliness, and nurtured to become a deadly ‘poison’. The opening stanza sets up everything for the entire poem, from the ending of anger with the â€Å"friend,† to the continuing anger with the â€Å"foe. † Blake startles the reader with such clarity of the poem, which is often missed in Blake’s poems, and with metaphors that can apply to many events in life. Blake portrays this by using several forms of figurative language. The personification in A Poison Tree exists both as a means by which the poems metaphors are revealed, supported, and as a way for Blake to project the greater illustration of wrath. The wrath the speaker feels is not directly personified as a tree, but as something that grows slowly and bears fruit. In the opening stanza the speaker states, â€Å"My wrath did grow. The speaker later describes the living nature of the wrath as one which, â€Å"grew both day and night,† and, â€Å"bore an apple bright. † This comparison by personification of wrath to a tree illustrates the speakers idea that, like the slow and steady growth of a tree, anger and wrath gradually accumulate and form just as deadly as a poisoned tree. To understand the metaphorical theme of the poem, I believe you have to examine the title, A Poison Tree. This hints to the reader that some type of metaphor will be dominant throughout the poe m. In the second stanza, Blake uses several metaphors that reflect the growing and nurturing of a tree which compare to the feeding of hate and vanity explored by the speaker. The verses, â€Å"And I watered it †¦with my tears† show how the tears of life lead the deadly object that we know as A Poison Tree. The speaker goes on to say, â€Å"And I sunned it with smiles† describing not only false intentions, but the process of â€Å"sunning†, giving nutrients to a plant so that it may not only grow and live, but flourish. In both of these metaphors, the basic elements for a tree to survive, water and sunlight are shown in human despair and sadness. The religious context of the poem is also evident in two metaphorical quotations made by the speaker towards the end of the poem. The deadly fruit born from the tree is an apple, while the scene of death and treachery occurs in the speakers garden. The apple is a product of hate, a biblical metaphor for sin. This connotates that destruction will occur if the tree is showered with sour emotions. The garden, which could be viewed as a place of life and prosperity, is simply the stage for the sinful act, as it was in the Bible. Like the events of the biblical story of Adam and Eve, man gives in to the weakness of sin and feasts upon the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden. Blakes poetry, while easy to understand and simplistic, usually implies a moral motif on an almost basic level. The powerful figurative language in A Poison Tree is so apparent that it brings forth an apparent message as well. The poem is not a celebration of wrath but it is Blakes cry against it. Through this, I believe that Blake warns the reader of the dangers of repression and of rejoicing in the sorrow of our foes. From this interpretation, I believe that William Blake wrote this poem to convey a simple message. A Poison Tree may be one of Blake’s simpler poems, but is just as effective of getting its message across. He used figurative language as a way to express his point that anything beautiful in life (the tree) can be contorted to something evil or disgusting if shown ugly emotions (poison).

Bring That Ass Here Essays - , Term Papers

Bring That Ass Here 1AC Devane's Standup How y'all doing white folk? I got a couple of things I want a talk about while we're in this debate round I hate my job I think it's just that I hate working It's a black thing I'm telling you We funny You ever woke up and tried to trick yourself into thinking you had didn't have to be at work til later? Maybe my schedule said 10 not 9 Cause working a job ain't fun Especially when you got a bad job You know how you know got a bad job You only get a 30 minute lunch You ever try to take a nap during the lunch You wake up cranky than a Mufucka I ain't doing shit else today Black people the only people I know that'll go to work and get a attitude when they have to work I remember I used to work in the stockroom at Sears so you know we did all the hard stuff so when I ask for some help I'm assuming the other workers would comply ya know I was wrong. I'd come upstairs like "hey could you find these pair of clothes and just leave them on the register so I can get them later" this bitch came on action " I used to just take shit breaks I'd excuse to the bathroom and be in there going ham on the toilet and then I'd just sit there til i felt better Speaking of shitty predicaments Anybody still live with they mom? C'mon don't act holier than thou You ever try to fuck when ya moms was home That's some secret agent shit I swear errtime I fucked in my moms house, I was scared like George Zimmerman at the million man march Like a nigga would just walk up on me at any minute You know what's foul? Not living at home and then moving back in the house Cause of course things for you have changed but in your parents eyes everything the same I'm 20 years old and my moms still be trynna enforce a curfew on me Matter of fact I need to leave out this bitch to get home for she lock a nigga out The first thing that I wanna say is that debate is funny as hell I mean as an activity this shit is bonkers. I know you agree with me cause when people ask you to explain what debate is you always hit em with the "UHHHHH C'MON NIGGA!" I mean when white do debate its a lot easier to understand - *in white voice* it's about reading competitive policy options or defending the status quo. I'm telling you I was down man I was I really was. I was the man on politics. But I couldn't spread Like y'all are fast shit. dead ass I used to practice speaking like them white kids at Northwestern and Michigan State. (does fake spread) I couldn't get with it though. That long ass strand of semen hanging from your top lip - tf is that? I hate when people watch the debate documentaries then find out that I debate. My cousin caught me at thanksgiving one year "Ay man you do that debate stuff right?' "Yeah I'm pretty good" "so you could do the reading fast?" "yeah to an extent" "do it for me" Or my favorite thing "Oh you're on the debate team? Good good. Debate me about something. *holds up G2* debate me about why we shouldn't use pens" The second thing I wanna talk about is this dumb ass resolution: umm public service announcement - niggas only care about the marijuana portion of the topic. Like that shit hit the core of niggas hearts and shit. but then you think about how niggas would go about SELLING the weed and then reality check - they trynna price you out the game nigga. You really think your little 2 for 15 is gonna compare with the Walmart value pack? Physician assisted suicide that shit is crazy What nigga you know is looking for a doctor to kill em? First of all, my doctor aint gonna do it. black folk is too intuned with jesus to go to let some doctor kill em. Secondly, who the fuck bout to pay a nigga to kill them

School Drop Out Rates Essay Example

School Drop Out Rates Essay Example School Drop Out Rates Essay School Drop Out Rates Essay Essay Topic: 8th Grade 9th Grade One of the greatest gifts to have been bestowed upon the children of our nation is the offering of equitable academic education.   It is by means of the education presented that we as individuals are able to develop and advance the necessary skills to lead productive and prosperous lives.   In retrospect, while many may look back thankfully at the knowledge gained throughout our school years, the same may not be said for everyone, as dropout rates continue to play a dramatic role in today’s society.  Ã‚   So what are dropout rates and how are they important to not only the individual dropout but to society as well?   Throughout the following we will answer these questions as well as analyze various methods of measurement, the validity of those measurements, minority and ethnic groups affected and potential solutions regarding this crucial issue.If â€Å"knowledge is power†, then why would one opt to negate such an extraordinary gift?   Though the idea of schoo l for certain students can undoubtedly be difficult, uncomfortable and boring at times, the consequences rendered from ridding themselves of this learning process can be far more overwhelming in the long run.   Low paying jobs, illiteracy and quality of life issues are only a few such consequences.   Furthermore, individual dropouts are not the only ones to suffer from these effects.   Communities with higher dropout rates tend to have greater percentages of residents collecting public assistance, tax revenue losses and elevated crime rates.   For instance, it is believed that dropouts are 3.5 times more likely to commit crimes.   That being said, 75% of prison inmates have not graduated from a high school program. This in turn spurns greater prison costs. Additionally, studies have shown that illegal drug use may increase among high school dropouts. (Smink, J., Drew, S. Duckenfield, M., 2006)Sadly, children may also find themselves victims in the educational push and pul l as they become prone to repeating the cycle of their parents. (Smink, J., Drew, S. Duckenfield, M., 2006)   As children, we gained much knowledge by what we saw and what we â€Å"believed† to be correct.   On that note, if parents do not take their own education, or lack thereof, seriously, then it stands to reason as to what direction their children will take?   Yet, to speak of ill effects may not be enough.  Ã‚   In order to at least comprehend the magnitude of this ongoing issue and its social ramifications, governing entities must be able to statistically evaluate information that presents itself as a means to develop solutions.   Dropout rates may serve this very purpose.Since the 1970’s dropout rates have gradually decreased, yet issues of educational abandonment remain.   The compilation of data used to study dropout rates can be a promising tool not only in determining school performance but they may also be helpful in deciphering trends.  Ã‚   By studying these rates, the development of special services devoted to the reduction and prevention of dropouts from state to state can be initiated.   It is noteworthy to mention that available services come from partnered efforts such as governmental and community agencies as well as through business.  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Students generally are considered to have dropped out when they leave school, do not transfer, do not graduate and do not return to school in the next year.†Ã‚   Methods of determining dropout rates vary, however, dependant upon the question to be answered, such as specific age groups, yearly percentages or combined grade levels over a period of time.   Some of the most noted rate structures are Longitudinal, Attrition, Annual and Status Rates.   (Creech, 2000)Longitudinal Rates are useful in determining â€Å"the percentage of 9th graders who do not graduate in five years†.   Using division (No. of dropouts / No. of original class members) this rate is easily generated and offers the student a greater period of time to obtain their high school certificate.   However, due to limited availability of necessary information like that of the actual number of school transfers, the rates may not be wholly accurate.   For this reason, Longitudinal Rates are mainly projections of yearly rates.   (Creech, 2000)Similarly, Attrition Rates are determined by 9th grade percentages but do not allow for the extra (5th) year and like Longitudinal Rates certain necessary information may be lacking to accurately arrive at true percentages.   These rates are computed by subtraction and division methods using the number of 9th grade students enrolled four years prior minus the total number of graduating students and then dividing by the 9th grade enrollment numbers.   (Creech, 2000)   While difficult to understand, the following example may serve to clarify any confusion.   If we had 450 total students enrolled in 9th grade an d four years later only 350 graduated, it is obvious we would have 100 students who would considered dropouts.   If we then take those 100 students and divide it by the 450 students initially enrolled our Attrition Rate would result in 22.2% dropout rate covering that four-year period of time.School performance percentages are the primary goal of Annual Dropout Rates which compares enrollment for the months of May and June to those of the following September.   Although overall dropout percentages from year to year are easily determined by this method, state variations on grade levels included display no uniformity.   As a result, state-to-state comparisons are not feasible.   Another disadvantage of analyzing only the number of dropouts for that given year is lower percentage rates that may not paint a complete picture of the actual problem.   For instance average rates compiled over a period of four years may not correspond to yearly rates.   Lower rates can also be at tributed to the grade level variations, as states including 7th and 8th grade students in their final percentage.   Typically, students of younger age groups do not dropout of school until much later when restrictions are lifted.   In this sense, underestimation seems inevitable. (Creech, 2000)Status Rates are accumulated through U.S Census Bureau Population Surveys and are used to determine dropout rates among specific age groups and are the most beneficial or accurate rates for comparison of state-to-state percentages.   For example, Status Rates may report the percentage of 16 through 19 year-olds who have not graduated high school and who are not enrolled.   (Creech, 2000)   According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES, 2001) â€Å"in October 1999, there were 3.8 million 16-24-year-olds were not enrolled in a high school program and who had not completed high school†, regardless of when they attended school.   Consequently, 11.2% of 16 throu gh 24-year-old dropouts in the United States fell within this category.  Ã‚   Through such rates the overall dropout problem existing within our population is revealed. Status Rates can greatly aid in the furtherance of developing additional education and training designed to help incite dropouts to more readily participate within the nation’s economy as well as lead more productive lives.The NCES also computes annual Event Rate Statistics.  Ã‚   These rates encompass, ages 15 through 24-year-olds in grades 10-12 who have dropped out in the year preceding the data collection and is a valuable measure as to the effectiveness of educator’s ability to keep students enrolled.   It is important to mention that with the statistical calculations for Event Rates, students are viewed as having completed a high school program whether through traditional class work or by receiving their certification via alternate means such as a GED.   It is estimated that while over the last 25 years Event Dropout Rates have fluctuated, an overall decrease has been recorded from 6.1% in 1972 to 5.0% in 1999.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Event Status Rates (1999) also determined â€Å"5 out of every 100 young adults who were enrolled in high school in October 1998 were no longer in school and had not successfully completed high school†.   Event rates are collected through Current Population Surveys (CPS).   Such surveys allow for calculations to be determined based on characteristics such as ethnicity, sex, location of residency and income level.   For instance, the NCES has compiled data in 1999 that supported the fact that students of families in the lowest 20% of household incomes had a five times higher likelihood of dropping out of school.   Which minority groups overall are more likely to dropout of school can also be determined through Event Rates.   (NCES, 2001)According to calculated percentages Hispanics make up the majority of school dropouts among minor ity and ethnic groups.   As Creech (2000) points out, statistics set forth by the NCES, determined that 38% of Hispanic students had dropped out of school in 1998, whereas, only 17% of black students were estimated to have dropped out within that specified year.   Figures such as these may be largely due to language barriers of students born abroad or living with families where English is used primarily as a second language.  Ã‚   Overall black and Hispanic students were 2-3 times more likely to drop out of school than white students.   Other social influences that may contribute to higher   drop out rates are pregnancy, behavioral problems and self-esteem issues.   In order to combat these problems, special programs for groups like teen parents and those whose first language is not English must be instituted.   (Creech, 2000)Yet, even with the mass amounts of technical information offered as to the various methods and calculations of dropout rates, we are left with th e question, are dropout rates valid as a true account of the nationwide problem?   As discussed in earlier paragraphs, accuracy is not always achieved.   For instance, most school informational systems do not have a means to track students who have transferred to other schools or who have failed.   During calculations of Longitudinal and Attrition Rates, the only information taken into account is the number of enrolled students compared to non-enrolled students over a given time period.   As a result, actual transfer students are included as dropouts when such is not the case.   While it has neither been proved nor disproved, states that have adopted the Exit Exam policies before certification can be received, may lead to a greater percentage of students failing.   This in turn will not only lower graduation rates but may increase inaccurate dropout percentages. (Greene, J. Winters, M.A., 2005)In fact, the mere defining of the term â€Å"dropout† can in itself cr eate reporting inaccuracy.   This is primarily caused by a great number of states that differ in their opinion as to who should be counted as a dropout.   Furthermore, these variances make it nearly impossible to compare the rate of dropouts between states or statistics presented in previous years.   (Creech, 2000)Status Rates have also been criticized.   Sum and Harrington (2003) believe Status Rates, as calculated by the U.S. Department of Education are â€Å"substantially biased†.   One reason may be the denominator attributed to Status Rates that does not allow for future dropouts in students 18 through 24 years of age.   The problem being, as research has shown, it is more likely these students over the age of 18 will decide to drop out of school as they are well over the average age of their peers.Another issue presented is the exclusion of those students who have left school but have acquired their GED.   While the positive aspects of obtaining a GED may be inspiring, studies have determined that the GED is not an equitable assessment of a traditional high school diploma.   Moreover, students age 18 through 24 who have been institutionalized or imprisoned are also excluded from Status Rate calculations.   (Sum, A. Harrington, P., 2003)Overall, prevention is key in the reduction of dropout rates.   Legislative enforcements like that of The Education and Economic Development Act (2005) have been enacted to improve academic achievement while focusing on career choice, work skills and graduation rates.   (Smink, J., Drew, S. Duckenfield, M., 2006)   In addition, it may prove significantly beneficial for policymakers to set in place more advanced data   systems that can better predict and detail those students who are most likely to dropout of school.   Means of intervention via education administrators must also come into play for schools that have repeated performance issues that may diminish student motivation and incr ease dropout rates.   (Achieve, Inc., 2006)In summary, while the implementation of calculating dropout rates can be beneficial tools to the researcher, they may not serve the best interest of the community or students assessed.   Without an accurate depiction of the existing problem we cannot achieve the goal of preventing and/or reducing dropout rates. Still, we must continue on through trial, error and heated debate, in hopes of a better tomorrow for our young adults.