Synthesis Essay Guilty Of Insubordination - 1497 Words

Synthesis Essay - General Billy Mitchell MSgt Robert C. Poore Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Class 15-C 7 April 2015 Instructor: SMSgt Stephen Kramer General Billy Mitchell â€Å"Guilty of Insubordination!† This was the verdict in the court martial of General William â€Å"Billy† Mitchell. General Mitchell spent his adult life pursuing his ideal of a separate Air Service recognized as a dominant force in military capabilities, but his actions in pursuit of his beliefs undermined military leadership at the time. General Billy Mitchell was a Visionary Leader but his decisions also made him an Unethical Leader. To solidify this claim, we will examine how General Mitchell’s forward thinking and refusal to accept the status quo led to the creation of the modern Air Force, how his tactics to realize his vision were not ethical, and how his visionary, but unethical leadership traits and behaviors are relevant to examples of my own leadership behaviors. Visionary Leader General Mitchell was a Visionary Leader who recognized the US military must include air power as a dominant role in its Operational Doctrine in order to successfully prosecute and decisively win future wars. According to Jeffers (2005), US Operational Doctrine dictated the US Navy Fleet was the key to winning wars prior to World War I. While in command of all 1,481 American and Allied airplanes in France during World War I, General Mitchell successfully created and employed his air

Synthesis Essay Guilty Of Insubordination - 1497 Words

Synthesis Essay - General Billy Mitchell MSgt Robert C. Poore Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Class 15-C 7 April 2015 Instructor: SMSgt Stephen Kramer General Billy Mitchell â€Å"Guilty of Insubordination!† This was the verdict in the court martial of General William â€Å"Billy† Mitchell. General Mitchell spent his adult life pursuing his ideal of a separate Air Service recognized as a dominant force in military capabilities, but his actions in pursuit of his beliefs undermined military leadership at the time. General Billy Mitchell was a Visionary Leader but his decisions also made him an Unethical Leader. To solidify this claim, we will examine how General Mitchell’s forward thinking and refusal to accept the status quo led to the creation of the modern Air Force, how his tactics to realize his vision were not ethical, and how his visionary, but unethical leadership traits and behaviors are relevant to examples of my own leadership behaviors. Visionary Leader General Mitchell was a Visionary Leader who recognized the US military must include air power as a dominant role in its Operational Doctrine in order to successfully prosecute and decisively win future wars. According to Jeffers (2005), US Operational Doctrine dictated the US Navy Fleet was the key to winning wars prior to World War I. While in command of all 1,481 American and Allied airplanes in France during World War I, General Mitchell successfully created and employed his air

Synthesis Essay Guilty Of Insubordination - 1497 Words

Synthesis Essay - General Billy Mitchell MSgt Robert C. Poore Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Class 15-C 7 April 2015 Instructor: SMSgt Stephen Kramer General Billy Mitchell â€Å"Guilty of Insubordination!† This was the verdict in the court martial of General William â€Å"Billy† Mitchell. General Mitchell spent his adult life pursuing his ideal of a separate Air Service recognized as a dominant force in military capabilities, but his actions in pursuit of his beliefs undermined military leadership at the time. General Billy Mitchell was a Visionary Leader but his decisions also made him an Unethical Leader. To solidify this claim, we will examine how General Mitchell’s forward thinking and refusal to accept the status quo led to the creation of the modern Air Force, how his tactics to realize his vision were not ethical, and how his visionary, but unethical leadership traits and behaviors are relevant to examples of my own leadership behaviors. Visionary Leader General Mitchell was a Visionary Leader who recognized the US military must include air power as a dominant role in its Operational Doctrine in order to successfully prosecute and decisively win future wars. According to Jeffers (2005), US Operational Doctrine dictated the US Navy Fleet was the key to winning wars prior to World War I. While in command of all 1,481 American and Allied airplanes in France during World War I, General Mitchell successfully created and employed his air

Thoughts on Research Hypothesis in an Easy to Follow Manner

Thoughts on Research Hypothesis in an Easy to Follow Manner In an effort to disprove a null hypothesis, researchers will try to discover an alternate hypothesis. It is suitable to use a hypothesis when you're testing a theory. It is impossible to prove a research hypothesis. When you own a hypothesis, you build a null hypothesis, defined as a hypothesis that there's no result. An easy hypothesis will ensure it is easier that you carry on throughout the research and will be simple to read and understand. A 2-sided hypothesis needs to be used unless there's a superior justification for using a 1-sided hypothesis. The Do's and Don'ts of Research Hypothesis When hypothesis is formulated the researcher get to know he has to work just on specific regions of the research issue. The researcher employs scientific strategies to do their experiments. He should focus on the specific areas of the research. Not all kinds of research need a hypothesis. There are distinct phases to each research undertaking. Generally it's accomplished in a presentation featuring all sort of evidences you have with you. What Does Research Hypothesis Mean? Any hypothesis will require proof. The importance of the hypothesis cannot be underestimated in a research. It has to be simple, compact and informative so the paragraph of hypothesis will be quite impressive. The paragraph which includes the hypothesis is thought of as the entrance to the essay content. One of the absolute most important consideration in formulating a research hypothesis is the fact that it should need to be measurable. When it is conducted hypothesis formulation is one of the most preliminary steps. Hypothesis formulation makes it simpler to go in a certain direction and find the conclusion. Thus, hypothesis can help to generate thesis papers in a perfect manner. A hypothesis is an assumption, an idea that's proposed for the interest of argument so it can be tested to see whether it may be true. It is a critical part of any scientific exploration. Your hypothesis isn't the scientific question in your undertaking. Hypothesis testing is utilized to infer the end result of a hypothesis performed on sample data from a bigger population. It doesn't allow a wide range of outcomes. It should be amenable to testing within a reasonable time. All hypotheses are tested employing a four-step approach. Taking the opportunity to compose your hypotheses correctly can help you structure your ideas, get much better results, and prevent wasting traffic on poor test designs. Before you begin your next test, take some time to do a suitable analysis of the page you need to concentrate on. After you have nailed down a promising hypothesis, the remainder of the procedure will flow a whole lot more easily. An individual should not utilize even a superb hypothesis, if the exact same cannot be tested in reasonable time for one cannot devote a life-time collecting data to test it. Don't forget a hypothesis isn't a question, but instead a testable statement derived from research questions. Try to remember that the objective of a hypothesis is to discover the solution to a question. The majority of the moment, the hypothesis starts with a question which is later explored through background research. If it is vague, it's unclear how to find the answer to your question. If you're asked to select a topic, you have to settle on something which you've got an interest in. Before you start your advertising research, you should choose what the dilemma is you're attempting to work out, otherwise what's the point of doing research. The research problem has to be stated with respect to research objectives or research questions. The majority of the articles and research publications are on how to enhance the response rate. Sometimes, it's very hard to begin a research without having a valid foundation. No research can be run properly unless there's some focus within it. Moreover, in the event the research predicts that there's a considerable relationship between counselling and student performance.

Significance of Management Philosophy Free-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Management Philosophy. Answer: Introduction Significance of Management Philosophy The development of an effective management philosophy within an organization aimed at developing the skills and potentials of the internal people while also empowering, involving and motivating them to fulfill business and institutional objectives spells success for a firm(Tam, 2013). The significance of the management philosophy lies in the fact that the employees of the company could be aligned with the goals and objectives of the organization. The employee need to be made aware of the fact that the employees need to work towards the achievement of the organizational goals. The other importance are as follows: It helps in the achievement of the organizational goals: The achievement of the goals is ensured by the use of the management philosophy. The various factors of production organizes the resources in an effective manner, such that the organizational goals could be achieved successfully. Optimization of the utilization of the resources: The management philosophy ensures that the physical and human resources are utilized successfully. The employees are aligned and motivated in such a way that the utilization of the resources could be optimized. Cost reduction: Another significance of the management philosophy is the cost reduction of the resources, with achievement of high productivity. Thus, the management philosophy motivates the employees to use the minimum resources and yet have high productivity. Establishment of equilibrium: The management philosophy encourages establishment of equilibrium in the work culture of the organization. Thus, the significance of management philosophy is immense for any business organization. Overview of the Ascott Limited The Ascott limited is one of the largest international serviced residences in the world. It is an owner operated with more than 26,000 operating serviced residences. Ascott Limited headquartered in Singapore operates as owner-operators of internationally serviced residential properties. Ascott operates as a multinational organization with its operating bases spread along global markets like United States, European and Middle East countries and also to other Asia-Pacific regions. The total number of operated units along different global regions amounts to 52,000 units(The Ascott Limited, 2017). It spans over 101 cities all around the world, across almost 29 countries. The company Ascott Limited is one of the subsidiaries of the CapitaLand. CapitaLand is one of the largest real estate companies in Asia. The merger and acquisition activity that involves the hospitality and real estate took place from the period of 1984-2000. This merger and acquisition activities in Singapore among the major real estate gave rise to the Ascott Limited. In the year 2014, the company established its 30 years of service in the residency business. The company has been awarded with various prestigious titles, such as the leading serviced apartment brand, the best-serviced apartment company, the best-serviced residency brand. Mission Statement The mission statement serves as a synopsis defining the strategic direction of a firm operating in a specific industry. The generation of the mission statement ideally contributes in the development of the strategic plan for a long term period of an organization. The mission statement is required to be written in such a fashion where it essentially reflects the activities undertaken by a firm; rationalizes the set of activities conducted by the firm while also indicating the different stakeholders impacted by the activities conducted by the firm. The managers are required to circulate the mission statement thus generated between the different employees in the firm(Winston, 2013) Concept of Management Philosophy Management Philosophy of a firm reflects on the ideology that is required to be undertaken by the business managers in directing the accomplishment of the business objectives and also to the type of treatment required to be offered to the subordinates and the internal members of the organization. Management Philosophy ideally focuses on the development of inter-personal relationships between people belonging to different levels and departments in an organization. Further, the concept of Management Philosophy essentially reflects on the set of core values and beliefs that are put into practice by business managers in the decision making process(Nrreklit, 2017). Impact of Management Philosophy to an Organization Management Philosophy is evaluated to have considerable impacts on the managerial process and effectiveness of the firm. Research conducted over textile mills has reflected that the existence of a quick profit and also altering manufacturing managerial policy potentially affected the morale and efficiency of the employees in the firm. On the contrary, the existence of a product conscious and also a sustainable profit managerial philosophy contributed in enhancing the expertise and efficiency levels of the staffs in a firm for generating greater productivity. It is also argued by some management scholars that the existence of short-sighted management philosophies accounts for affecting the productivity and morale of staffs operating in European institutions(Prasad Negandhi, 2012). Research conducted over business institutions operating in China reflected that the deployment of western management philosophy had considerable influences on the human resources policies of the firms. It potentially affected the motivation and productivity levels of the Chinese employees in that they failed to effectively understand their roles in the firm owing to the rooting of Human Resources policies to western management philosophies. The managerial philosophy of the Chinese firms is essentially linked to the human resources policies and objectives where it is synchronized with the personal values, attitudes and cultural parameters of the organizational members(Tam, 2013). Various Types of Management Philosophy Different types of management philosophies are underlined as under. Operating for Generating Maximum Efficiency The above management philosophy ideally focuses on evaluating the manner the power is divided between the higher authority and the subordinate staffs operating across different levels in the firm. It further reflects on the fashion the total task of the firm is ideally divided between the management and the other staffs thereby helping in identifying different job roles and responsibilities and the chain of command in the firm. Focusing on Employee Motivation The second type of management philosophy essentially focuses on inspiring and motivating the employees in an organization for generating greater productivity and efficiency. Such management philosophies ideally contribute in developing a work atmosphere conducive for employees in meeting the objectives and goals of the firm in an effective fashion(Harte, 2014). Crisis Management Philosophies The third type of management philosophies focuses on identifying different types of crisis and dangers that would tend to emerge along the course of conducting the business operations. The management philosophies essentially focus on detecting different critical issues to business and thereby planning in resolving such through deployment of different resources(Poitras, 2013). Evaluation and Development of Consumer Relationships The fourth type of management philosophy essentially focuses on evaluation and assessment of relationships of the business institution with its prospective customer base. It thereby aims in evaluating the presence and the use of different customer relationship tools like customer relationship management and transactional marketing applications in the company. Transactional marketing applications are incorporated for enhancing the level of basket size of the customers contributing to revenue and profitability growth while relationship marketing applications are used for enhancement of the relationships between management and employee base in a firm(Matsushita, 2011). Leadership Leadership is identified as an act through which an individual playing the role of the leader contributes in generating an effective and inspiring vision for a future period. Further, the leader is also responsible for motivating and also inspiring the internal members of an organization for fulfilling the visionary objectives. The leader is also required to direct, monitor and render needed infrastructural and knowledge support to the organizational members for adequately delivering and fulfilling the objectives underlined in the vision. Finally, the leader is also required to adequately coach the organizational members for developing their personal expertise and thereby in developing a team to adequately contribute in meeting the vision outlined(Maxwell, 2012). Various Leadership Theories Trait Theory of Leadership The trait leadership theory rightly identifies that organizational leader essentially bears certain specific qualities or traits that essentially contribute in identifying an individual as a born or made leader. Certain specific qualities like needed level of intelligence, adequate responsibility, creative and innovative skills are potential traits that are required to be identified in an organizational leader (Rozkwitalska, 2012). Behavioral Theory of Leadership Unlike the trait theory of leadership that focuses on identifying leadership attributes of an individual based on mental, physical and also social characteristics, the behavioral theory of leadership aims in identifying the behavioral parameters of a leader. Behavioral theory of leadership ideally contributes in dividing leaders into two specific categories like those involved with internal members and those involved with the organizational tasks (Shi Wang, 2011). Contingency Theory of Leadership Contingency theory of leadership tends to identify that no specific leadership style adequately fits in different situations. Rather, the contingency theory of leadership focuses on identifying different types of leadership styles that would adequately suit the different situations or cases for which they are being undertaken. The Contingency Theory of Leadership reflects on the understanding developed by the leader on a case based framework that ideally contributes in the choosing of needed leadership style (Podsiadlowski, Grschke, Kogler, 2013). Transactional Leadership Theory Transactional leadership theory focuses on the identification of leadership models that would adequately contribute in addressing transactions conducted between a leader and the subordinate group of followers. The transactional leadership theory thereby requires the leader to rightly communicate, interact and motivate the followers for contributing in the meeting of assigned objectives and tasks (Olsen Martins, 2012). Transformational Leadership Theory Transformational leadership theory requites the business leaders in generating new vision and mission objectives for the organization and thereby in communicating the same to subordinate groups along different departments. The same contributes in motivating and empowering the subordinates to take part in decision making activities and also actively collaborate in addressing of organizational tasks and objectives. Moreover, transformational leadership theories also focus on enhancing the level of trust between leaders and subordinates in the meeting of group objectives (Ferdman Sagiv, 2012). Relationship between Management Philosophy and People Management The management philosophy of an organization gains needed significance when the same is effectively blended with the people management practices of the institution. The fitting of management philosophy with people management practices of a firm is potentially reflected in the following model. (Estrada, 2015) The optimal fitting of people management approaches with the management philosophy of a firm contributes in the development of team manager where large numbers of internal members are employed for the meeting of increased organizational objectives. The organizational manager is required to effectively communicate the changing mission and vision objectives with the subordinates while also encouraging their involvement in decision making activities. Further, the blending of management philosophy with people management also requires the incorporation of positive reinforcement tools like incentives and also designing of effective training and employee communication programs for building trust(Estrada, 2015). The management philosophy and the people management have an intrinsic relation with each other. The people management is dependent on the management philosophy. The management philosophy highlights the philosophy of the business organization. The employees are aligned towards the fulfillment of the mission and vision of the organization, by effective alignment of the management philosophy. Based on the management philosophy, the activity of people management takes place. The people management activities are essential activities. The management philosophies align the employees with the goals of the organization. However, the people management needs to be done such that the employees could adhere to, the management philosophies. However, if the people management and the management philosophies contradict with each other, then the employees would fail to work towards a particular goal, since the people management and management philosophies would contradict with each other, thus confusing the employees. Moreover, it is essential that the people management in done, such that the organizational goals and the management philosophies are fulfilled. In Ascott limited, people management is done quiet efficiently. The needs of the employees are identified and they are fulfilled in order to adhere to the management philosophies. It is also important to note that, with the use of coaching leadership in the company, it has been easier for the employees, to understand and evaluate their own performances, along with implementing the required improvements. Analysis based on Ascott Limited Mission Statement of Ascott Limited -Ascott Limited focuses on enhancing the value and experiences gained by customers through generation of quality products and services in the real estate sector. -Ascott Limited encourages its internal people to work as high performers both as individuals and in groups. The same is conducted based on the generation of potential opportunities in the firm. -Ascott Limited also focuses on generating sustainable returns to its shareholders spread over a global basis and also to form an effective network of potential investors. -Ascott Limiteds mission is to focus on promoting social, economic and environmental development of the different communities where it has set up its branches(The Ascott Limited, 2017). The mission statement of Ascott is as follows: To inspire and enable the development of staff through the spirit of partnership and the implementation of effective human resource practices Management Philosophy of Ascott Limited The management philosophy of Ascott Limited can be effectively analyzed in terms of the core values based on which Ascott Limited operates. -The management of Ascott Limited focuses on reflecting and developing mutual trust, dependence and respect between people operating along different levels and departments in the business institution. The development of needed trust and respect between internal people in a firm serves as a fundamental requisite for generating a high performing organizational culture that encourages the growth of diverse teams in the firm. Further, the management philosophy of Ascott Limited also generates needed significance to the aspect of integrity such that the management body focuses on conducting on what is right and ethical at a given moment and also aims in enhancing and sustaining the trust generated by the stakeholders towards the firm. The management philosophy of Ascott Limited also focuses on fostering a climate of innovation and creativity such that the same contributes in enhancing the value generation capacity of the firm in the long run. Finally, the management philosophy of Ascott Limited also focuses on pursuing the parameter of excellence and tends to persevere it in terms of conducting the different business activities(The Ascott Limited, 2017). Leadership Styles of Ascott Limited Coaching leadership practices are followed in Ascott Limited such that where effective coaching is rendered to both existing and new staffs to hone up their skills and efficiencies for dealing with emerging contingencies and situations while focusing on delivering the right quality of customer servicing. The incorporation of coaching leadership approach as an extension of the contingency leadership style contributes in increasing the level of confidence of the staffs while also enhancing the level of collaboration between managers and subordinates(The Ascott Limited , 2017). In the coaching leadership style, the coaching leaders defines the tasks and roles clearly and the follower follows the guidelines. However, the coaching leaders seek suggestion from the followers as well. This leadership style has an open opportunity for the employees to give suggestions along with sharing of knowledge and experiences. The Ascott Limited group of companies uses the coaching leadership process. They have a wide range of on-job training programs that are job specific. This is also a part of the coaching leadership that is followed in the organization. The coaching leadership is important for the enhancement of the skills of the employees. The newly recruited employees could be inducted into the organizational culture using the coaching leadership. Moreover, the center for excellence of the company also assists the employees to work successfully towards the fulfillment of the organizational goals. The coaching leadership is an efficient leadership method that could be successfully applied in the workplace setting that requires rapid improvement. This style of leadership is helpful in assisting others to enhance their skills. The strengths could be enhanced under this style of leadership since the employees are coached and trained. The weaknesses are worked upon by the employees and mitigated or curbed down by the use of centre of excellence. The leaders under this style of leadership guide the employees and motivate them effectively. The guidance of the leaders is effective and helps the employees to work towards the organizational goals, along with the development of the required expertise. The leaders are efficient guides and they assist the employees successfully. The attributes of the leaders of the coaching leadership are as follows: The leaders provide plenty of feedback to the employees on the basis of their performances. There is huge scope of improvement of the employees, based on the feedback given by the leaders. The leaders provide tasks and assignments to the employees. The leaders provide in depth guidance to the employees. The leaders motivate the employees successfully. This style of leadership has various pros and cons. One of the greatest advantages of this style of leadership is the improvement of results among the employees. Superior performance is also achieved by the employees, with the guidance of the leaders of the coaching leadership style. Moreover, positivity among the employees is also observed. The enhancement in the performance among the employees creates a positive workplace. However, the greatest disadvantage of this leadership style is the need for time and patience. In order to achieve the desired result, a lot of time and perseverance is required. Thus, in practice, this leadership style might not be as effective as theoretically. People Management Practiced at Ascott Limited Ascott Limited focuses on the development of its internal people through the development of effective coaching programs that contribute in enhancing their leadership skills and also the productivity and performance potentials for addressing emerging and changing needs of customers with needed confidence. Further, the organizational managers also focus on encouraging the staffs through generation of growth opportunity in the firm and also generating rewards for encouraging needed performances(The Ascott Limited , 2017). People management is given adequate importance in the Ascott Limited. The people management is an essential activity for the organization, as this would enhance the performance of the employees. However, if the people management and the management philosophies negate with each other, then the employees would neglect their work, as they would be confused to work towards a specific objective. Since the people management and the management philosophies would repudiate with each other. Moreover, it is essential that the people management and the management philosophies work towards achievement of a specific goal. In Ascott Limited, people management is done efficiently, along with aligning to the management philosophies. Thus, the employees are satisfied and they work diligently towards the fulfillment of the goals set by the company and ensures customer satisfactions. The necessities of the workers are distinguished and they are satisfied keeping in mind the end goal to cling to the adm inistration methods of insight. Thus, with efficient and effective people management, Ascott limited has been successful in achieving its organizational goals. Conclusions The analysis reflects on the strategic potential of Ascott Limited based on the presence of effective mission objectives aimed at meeting the needs of different stakeholders. It also reflects the existence of effective people management practices at Ascott Limited based on coaching and also generation of rewards and opportunities for internal people. This assignment highlights the importance of management philosophy for any business organization. The management philosophy of Ascott Limited has been highlighted along with the mission and vision that the company has set, to be achieved. The importance of people management in the organization and the relation between the people management and management philosophies have been discussed in details. Various leadership styles that are conventionally used in the business organizations have been mentioned along with the specific leadership style that is used in the company Ascott Limited. The coaching leadership style is used in the company. This style of leadership is used in companies for enhancement of the performances of the employees. In the coaching style of leadership, the needs of each employee are identified and a proper guidance is provided to them in order to enhance their skills. The company has an efficient leadership style and the employee satisfaction of the company is also high. However, if the management philosophies are stated more clearly, then the employees would find it easier to align themselves with the organizational goals. Moreover, people management needs to be done more effectively, such that the company is able to enhance its performances. Recommendations Ascott Limited can focus on the incorporation of a 360 degree performance appraisal program for helping in assessing the performance of internal members based on the viewpoints of different internal and external stakeholder groups. The same would contribute in the generation of quality feedback to the internal members while also potentially coaching them to hone up their skills and potencies in areas where they have scored less. It would also help Ascott Limited adequately address its management philosophy associated to generation of service excellence and in enhancing an atmosphere of mutual trust in the workplace. Timely appraisal of the employees, along with offering bonus and incentives to the employees, would enhance the employee satisfaction, along with diligent and hard work of the employees. Moreover, it could also be recommended, if the coaching leadership style could be combined with some other leadership styles, such that the employees might be able to express their innova tions efficiently. The recommendations also include the collection of feedback from the employees such that they might give suggestions, for the enhancement of the organization. References Estrada, J. (2015, February 24). Your people management philosophy drives execution, results. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from https://www.progressivedairy.com/topics/management/your-people-management-philosophy-drives-execution-results Ferdman, B. M., Sagiv, L. (2012). Diversity in Organizations and Cross-Cultural Work Psychology: What If They Were More Connected? Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice , 5 (3), 1-51. Harte, J. (2014). Management Crisis and Business Revolution. United Kingdom : Transaction Publishers. Matsushita, K. (2011). Practical Management Philosophy. China : PHP. Maxwell, J. C. (2012). Defining Moments Define Your Leadership: Lesson 3 from Leadership Gold. United States : Thomas Nelson Inc. Nrreklit, H. (2017). A Philosophy of Management Accounting: A Pragmatic Constructivist Approach. New York : Routledge . Olsen, J. E., Martins, L. L. (2012). Understanding organizational diversity management programs: A theoretical framework and directions for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior , 33 (8), 1168-1187. Podsiadlowski, A., Grschke, D., Kogler, M. (2013). Managing a culturally diverse workforce: Diversity perspectives in organizations . International Journal of Intercultural Relations , 37, 159-175. Poitras, G. (2013). Commodity Risk Management: Theory and Application. New York : Routledge. Prasad, P., Negandhi, A. (2012). Managerialism for Economic Development: Essays on India. United Kingdom: Springer Science Business Media. Rozkwitalska, M. (2012). Accepted and strong organisational culture in multinational corporations . Journal of Intercultural Management , 4 (3), 5-14. Shi, X., Wang, J. (2011). Interpreting Hofstede Model and Globe Model: Which Way to Go for Cross-Cultural Research . nternational Journal of Business and Management , 6 (5), 93-99. Tam, W. K. (2013). A Study of the Impact of Management Philosophy on HR Practices and Employee Attitudes and Performance in Two Chinese Manufacturing Organizations: A Case Study Approach. Australia: The University of Newcastle. The Ascott Limited . (2017). Leading through Coaching at Ascott . Singapore : Ascott Limited . The Ascott Limited. (2017). About Us. Retrieved April 11, 2017, from https://www.the-ascott.com/en/ascottlimited/about-us.html Winston, W. (2013). Marketing for Attorneys and Law Firms. New York : Routledge.

My Sad Life Essays - Blood, Street Light, , Term Papers

My Sad Life The sun was setting. Far to the east, threatening black clouds arose from the fumes of pollution from the several smoke stacks towering over the city. The streets were pock marked and dented with the recent shower of acid rain. Hot boiling steam from the sewers made the temperature of day much hotter than it really was. Just outside the borders of the city is a lake covered with muck and crude oil spills. Death and despair floated aimlessly on the surface of the unhospitable body of water. Corpses of dead fish, seagulls... bobbed just under the rim of the black slime. The black slime sensing fresh prey, extended it's corrupt and revolting tendrils farther...until it caught another unsuspecting victim, choking and engulfing, destroying, leaving just another emtpy shell behind, devoid of any life. Night set in, the stars were obscured by thick blankets of smoke. The day was done. Stores got ready to lock up and street lights were turned on to aid the bread winners, so they may travel safely. Few were fortunate enough to own automobiles so they could avoid the cold dangerous streets and dark alleyways. Most shops were already abandoned, finished for the day. Yet few doors were still open, desperate for any last minute customers. One such shopkeeper was Phil Anderson. Anderson had worked as a pharmacist for most of his life. At forty, he had little to show for. The pollution that caused the gradual decay of the city had had negative effects on business, as well as the environment. Phil, though by all means not an old man, showed signs of premature aging. His skin was pale and dry, wrinkled by the everyday punishment of the deteriorating sorroundings. Few strands of grayish white hair lined his almost bald, dandruff infested scalp. Looking at Phil with his characteristic limp, slouched posture and bulging belly one might think him an extremely unathletic person. But then again it was not entirely his fault. His eyes were red and bloodshot, the glasses he wore only made these features more obvious. With shaking skinny hands, Phil slowly put away the last of the items on top of the counter. Finally done, he flicked off the lights and rummaged through his pockets for his keys. Looking one last time to make sure the shop was in order, Phil locked up the store and left. He failed t o notice a dark shadow spying on him as he counted the bills he had earned today, and put it away into his black leather wallet. The tall dark figure studied the pharmacist a while longer before trailing him. The narrow dirty street smelled of weeks old garbage and animal wastes. Smog was still thick in the air causing him to cough repeatedly. He stopped for a moment to catch his breath. Remembering his air filter in his pocket, Phil gingerly took it out and put it on. Feeling much better Phil continued down the street, heaving a sigh of relief. Bibliography none

10 Essay Topics on ‘The Scarlet Letter’ by N. Hawthorne for a Literary Analysis

10 Essay Topics on ‘The Scarlet Letter’ by N. Hawthorne for a Literary Analysis If The Scarlet Letter by N. Hawthorne is part of your syllabus, chances are that your instructor will have you write a literary analysis. Through this assignment, they will give you a better chance to grow familiar with the basic ideas and concepts of the text. However, to get a good grade, you will need to go beyond a mechanical surface analysis and present well-thought-out ideas about the work. In addition to reading the book, you need to know a few facts to create an exceptional literary analysis. So, here is a list of 10 essential facts that can help you better understand ‘The Scarlet Letter’ and come up with your own topic for an effective analysis. If you want something a little more direct, refer to or list of 20 essay topics for ‘The Scarlet Letter’ by N. Hawthorne for a literary analysis. ‘The Scarlet Letter’ is the most famous book by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The setting is seventeenth-century Puritan New England. The events of the book take place during 1642 -1649. It is a tragic tale of love and the consequences of betrayal. The Puritanical attitudes and values play a major role in the social narrative of the novel. They are also the driving force behind the gender expectations and themes. The novel was one of the first American books to be mass-produced. During that era, books were hand bound and sold in small quantities. The first mechanized printing of ‘The Scarlet Letter’ produced 2,500 copies; all of them were sold out within ten days. The book enjoyed immense popularity and was widely read and discussed in all circles. This reception was quite rare for that period in literary history. The merits of the work were further recognized by the 20th century author D.H. Lawrence, who said that ‘The Scarlet Letter’ was a perfect work of American imagination. The overarching themes of the narrative are the struggle between sin and righteousness. The individual’s role and the role of the society are explored throughout the novel. The minor characters and the community’s behavior reflect how individuals were expected to behave during those times. There was a strict code of conduct which was to be followed by all, which is why transgressors were judged harshly. The protagonist, Hester Prynne, is made to wear a scarlet letter A to mark her as an adulteress and display her shame to the world. The letter is meant as a physical reminder of Hester’s affair with the cheating minister Dimmesdale. As the story progresses, this symbol of shame transforms. It shifts from standing for â€Å"Adulterer† to meaning â€Å"Able†, and then finally takes on a vague, indeterminate meaning. This transformation is meant to show the meaninglessness of the system and punishment, and judgment of the community. Another major theme explored is that of the extreme Puritan legalism. Hester makes the choice of not conforming to this mode of thinking. She rejects their beliefs and rules. Hester spends her life trying to help out the poor and the sick as much as possible. The rejection of the society forces her to re-evaluate her values. As a result, she does not mix with the society and ends up living a largely solitary life. Solitude is a major factor in bringing about the transformation in her thoughts and beliefs. It allows her to explore her own and society’s ideas of guilt and sin. Her thoughts go beyond the Puritan beliefs, making her begin to see her sin from a different perspective. The extent of the change in Hester’s beliefs is obvious from the fact that she begins to believe that the earthly sins can be atoned for and do not necessarily result in eternal damnation. Hester communicates this belief when she tells Dimmesdale that the sin they committed has been paid for as a result of their daily penance. This is in sharp contrast with Puritanical beliefs which hold that the sin of adultery condemns a person to Hell and cannot be forgiven. Hester is physically and spiritually alienated from the Puritan society. Her thinking becomes free from the religious bounds placed on it and she develops her own moral standards. This character development becomes clear when Hester decides to move on after the death of Dimmesdale. She can no longer conform to the strict beliefs of the Puritanical society. ‘The Scarlet Letter’ was first published in the year 1850 by Ticknor Fields. Its publication marked the beginning of Hawthornes most lucrative period. Hester’s daughter, Pearl is fascinated by the scarlet letter her mother wears. Pearl reacts to it with an attitude of joy and curiosity whereas the Puritanical elders see it as a sign of the devil. The mirthful personality of Pearl saves Hester from falling into the abyss of darkness. Instead of making her feel more ashamed, the child becomes her saving grace. These facts cover most of the themes and ideas presented by Nathaniel Hawthorne in what is believed to be his masterpiece; but, as with any work of literature, there can be no exhaustive list of facts.   You can explore the novel further if you have enough time. However, if you are in a hurry this list will give you the push you need to become creative and begin working on your assignment. If you need help with writing this assignment, check out our guide on how to write a literary analysis on ‘The Scarlet Letter’ by N. Hawthorne for a concise format and more guidelines. Best of luck! References: Maddern, C. (2010). Medieval literature. Harlow, England: Longman/Pearson. Lawrence, D. (1964). Studies in classic American literature. New York: Viking Press. Hester and Pearl in The Scarlet Letter by NathanielnHawthorne/Introductory Page. (2016). Hawthorneinsalem.org. Retrieved 6 April 2016, from hawthorneinsalem.org/Literature/HawthorneWomen/ScarletLetter/Introduction.html Charvat, William. Literary Publishing in America: 1790–1850. Amherst, MA: The University of Massachusetts Press, 1993 (first published 1959): 56. ISBN 0-87023-801-9 Parker, Hershel. The Germ Theory of The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne Society Newsletter 11 (Spring 1985) 11-13. The Classic Text: Traditions and Interpretations. Uwm.edu. 2001-10-09. Retrieved 2016-04-06. Schwab, Gabriele. The mirror and the killer-queen: otherness in literary language. Indiana University Press. 1996. Pg. 120.

Setting a Purpose for Motivated Reading

Setting a Purpose for Motivated Reading Setting a purpose for reading helps keep students focused and engaged while reading, and gives them a mission so that comprehension can be reinforced. Reading with purpose motivates children and helps students who tend to rush, take their time reading so they wont skip over key elements in the text. Here are a few ways teachers can set a purpose for reading, as well as teach their students how to set their own purpose. How to Set a Purpose for Reading As the teacher, when you set a purpose for reading be specific. Here are a few prompts: Read until you get to the part where so and so did this.Stop reading until you find out about so and so.Read until you discover___.Read until you find out where the story takes place.Close the book when you figure out the problem in the story. After students have completed your task you can help build comprehension by asking them to do a few quick activities. Here are a few suggestions: Draw a picture of what they think will happen next in the story.Create a concept map recording elements in the story.Write down a problem they discovered while reading the story.Ask critical thinking questions, such as What the solution to the problem in the story?...What is the purpose of this book?....What is the author trying to accomplish?...What issues arise in the story?Retell the story in your own words with a partner.Compare how the characters have changed throughout the story. Teach Students How to Set Their Own Purpose for Reading Before teaching students how to set a purpose for what they are reading make sure they understand that a purpose drives the choices they make while they are reading. Guide students into how to set a purpose by telling them the following three things. You can read to perform a task, such as specific directions. For example, read until you meet the main character in the story.You can read for pure enjoyment.You can read to learn new information. For example, if you wanted to learn about bears. After students decide what their purpose for reading is then they can select a text. After the text is selected you can show students before, during, and after reading strategies that match their purpose for reading. Remind students that as they read they should refer back to their main purpose. Checklist for Reading Purposes Here are a few tips, questions, and statements students should be thinking about before, during, and after reading a text. Before Reading: What do I already know about the topic?What can I expect to learn?Skim the book to find out what I will be learning. During Reading: Pause during reading to reflect upon what was just read. Try to link it to something you already know.Do I understand what I just read?Place a sticky note next to any question, unfamiliar word, or comment you would like to share in the text. After Reading: Reread any passages that confused you.Go over your sticky notes.Summarize in your head what you have just read.

Keyword Critique Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Keyword Critique - Research Paper Example In sociology, persons are normally classified into groups according to their socio-economic conditions. Social stratification tries to understand political, social, ideological, cultural, and economic dimensions of social inequality. However, stratification is not homogenous concepts. It is by definition has multiple meanings and the meanings changes when placed against different contexts and different actors. In sociology, the use of the term stratification has changed from time to time. It even substantially changes in terms of meaning and practice in different schools such as Marxism, functionalism and structuralism. II. The Conceptualization of Stratification When someone tries to find answer of poverty in any society the concept of stratification becomes important. If we try to locate reasons behind the backwardness of Black people or women vis-a-vis White people or we try to gauge chances of a child born into working class family to climb the social ladder, we will lend into ou rselves into the study of social stratification. The methodological analysis of stratification seeks ‘to discover social gulfs- to find the gaps in people’s social relations and experience- which might explain the fissures in people’s perception of each other. ... Max Weber has tried to elaborate the concept of social stratification wherein he studies stratification in traditional societies or we could call them status-based societies and of modern societies. According to him in traditional societies, person’s social status was depended upon his ascribed status wherein a person possesses qualities, which are beyond his control like sex, class at birth ethnicity, race, caste, or religion. Whereas in modern society element of achievement or personal qualities defines persons social status. Max Weber has made distinction between social class, which is defined according to material wealth, and status class, which depends upon social honor, prestige and links to the religious institutions. Studies of social stratification try to understand at what extends class or status system affects modes of social action. It analyses class and status structures and its reproduction in the society. Social stratification tries to understand how inequality of condition and opportunities affects outcome and what are the methods used by groups to protect their class or status boundaries. In simple word, how people maintain their class privileges and how other sections try to get access to it, these are the issues which get importance in the study of social stratification. Social stratification investigates various ways through which class, status-groups are formed in the society, and through it sociologist understand the society. While fiercely criticising the empirical sociology dominated in the United States, Anderson and Massey points out that â€Å"as the status attainment model came to dominate American sociology, the study of stratification became progressively despatialized. Socio-economic outcomes were conceptualized as individual-level

Managing in an Inclusive Environment Diversity Essay

Managing in an Inclusive Environment Diversity - Essay Example Meisinger 2007 State of Workplace Diversity Management Report conveys that a survey with 1400 HR Professionals reveal that 52 percent of the respondents believe that diversity practices accomplish specific business objectives to a large extent. Still, these respondents had stated that diversity management remains a challenge because, diversity management field is not well-defined or understood, focuses too much on compliance, and places too much emphasis on ethnicity and also on gender. Creating an Inclusive work environment pays. By bringing about diversity programs an organization can create such environment. There are at least 19 business houses, which have taken seriously and brought in enviable diversity programs. These efforts include such interventions like giving women of color access to variety of support networks, extending leadership development programs to minority groups and diversity workshops to managers Chubb Group of Insurance Companies have offered a comprehensive diversity initiative called 'Reach Up, Reach Out, Reach Down', in which high-potential employees of color receive management training and development opportunities. Almost a quarter of female employees who took advantage of management training last year were women of color. Compliance is no doubt an important factor. ... Competitive Advantage Experts are of opinion that there are valuable competitive advantage in employing diverse work groups and they offer seven good reasons why an organisation should have diverse workforce : 1. It is the right thing to do, both ethically and morally. 2. A diversity helps complying with the laws regarding issues of discrimination. 3. Having diversity in a company opens up marketing opportunities, because prejudice aspects of customers are substantially balanced 4. A diverse group of people provides better and varied ideas. 5. Companies want to hold themselves out as the employer of choice. 6. Diversity helps retain your people. 7. Diversity initiatives impact the bottom line. [MANUEL ESPINOZA, (2007), 6-2-2009()] Compliance with law Compliance is no doubt an important factor. US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), has observed that, particularly after the Sep 11 attacks , focus was on preventing workplace discrimination, harassment and backlash against innocent employees and applicants for employment who were, or were perceived to be, Arab, Muslim, Middle Eastern, South Asian or Sikh. Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 2007 (ENDA, H.R. 3685) prohibits discrimination. Further, it would add 'Sexual orientation' to the list of protected groups, classified by race, religion, ethnicity, sex, age, disability and pregnancy. This would grant protection to gay men, lesbians and bisexuals against discrimination at the workplace. In the Constitution, free exercise of religion is an absolute right. The Workplace Religious Freedom Act of 2007 (WRFA, H.R. 1431) involves accommodation of religious freedom in the workplace. Currently, under Title VII of the Civil

Education and Life Chances in Modern Education Essay Example for Free

Education and Life Chances in Modern Education Essay Public education, it can be argued, shapes society, instils social mores and indoctrinates the impressionable with those philosophies the elites value. This essay will focus upon three main areas intrinsic to the education system. These are the social reproduction of ideas, the life chances created and instilled through education, and the socialisation of the individuals undergoing the educational process. Two main sociological perspectives that are useful when studying the education system are Functionalism and Critical Theory, because they focus on macro issues and social structures more than the interactionist perspective. Functionalists believe that the school system is an agent of social reproduction, which operates to reproduce well integrated, fully functioning members of society (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 114). Critical theorists, conversely, hold that education is the most effective mechanism for promoting social change and for giving opportunities to less privileged groups so that they can advance their social standing. However, education usually reproduces existing social divisions, maintaining the relative disadvantage of certain groups (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 106). Munro (1994: 108) describes the different approaches by stating that, functionalists tend to see education as synonymous with socialisation, while a conflict theorist is inclined to view education as ideological- that is, reflecting the interests of particular groups. Functionalists hold that the major institution for social reproduction is the education system, whereas, from a critical perspective, teachers, who oversee this reproduction, have been made into administrators of programs that provide manpower capitalisation through planned and directed behavioural changes (Illich, 1973: 327). Illich (1973: 327) comments, from a critical perspective, that teaching and learning remain sacred activities separate and estranged from a fulfilling life. This is because the things being taught do not line up with the necessary knowledge needed for life outside of education, and that learning from programmed information always hides reality behind a screen (Illich, 1973: 324). This means that the knowledge provided is set to a secret agenda. The learning process, which supposedly passes on the values and mores necessary in society to students,  is not, however, meeting these needs effectively. Relevant information, that is, knowledge, which will add skills to the labour market, is becoming less practical and more theoretical, expanding the gap between study and work. Regardless of this, employers and social elites have attempted to use the schools for the reproduction of compliant workers (Davis, 1999: 65). This double standard has been discussed in a best selling song, The Wall by Pink Floyd (1978) in which they stated that the reproduction received through the school system was set to a hidden agenda, and that society would be better off without it. Drucker (1973: 236) equates the influx of educated people to the potential for producing wealth in any given country. By stating this, educational socialisation and the development of educated people is the most important function education can have. He goes on to state that while this may be the case today, throughout history, being uneducated provided the wealth of a given nation, due to the class differences, and that education was for the rich and idle while the work was performed by the illiterate. This all changed with the Industrial Revolution, and the invention of moveable type in the 17th Century (Drucker, 1973: 232). The moveable type meant that education could be performed at a reduced rate, and words became a commodity that was necessary for improving the quality of the labour force. Education is purported to provide the best possible life chances for its graduates, yet in reality, in many ways education diminishes these chances. Heinz (1987: 132) points out that the life chances of graduates are in a state of flux, that when the labour market is depressed and work is difficult to find, then young people will opt for more education as a means of delaying their entry into a tight work force. The school then takes on the function of a warehouse; it is a place to mark time. At the same time school acts as a socio-political instrument for reducing social and political conflict, and this function gains predominance over its main function of educating young people. In many cases the academic credentials earned are unnecessary for working-class jobs (Furlong and Cartmel, 1999: 12), which changes the focus of education, making it oppressive and irrelevant (Davis, 1999: 83). Heinz (1987: 131) states secondary  school-leavers face a worsening outlook when they want to start in working life, and joining a preparatory program is increasingly becoming the only alternative to unemployment. There are a growing number of young people who are finding it harder to find a place, whose prospects on the labour market are poor, being qualified but underemployed, or drifting between unemployment and occasional jobs (Heinz, 1987: 131). This increases social inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. By acting as a warehouse education is not preparing students for life but rather crippling their life chances. The alternative to this are to reassess the curricula and teaching methods, reintegrating skilled workers into vocational education, ensuring that knowledge will be of direct benefit to graduates in obtaining a place within the work force. There are fewer and fewer opportunities becoming available, and school leavers have to undergo more and more relevant vocational training. However, fewer school-leavers are able to go directly into the vocational training they want. Heinz (1987: 130) noted a growing trend 16 years ago that Depending on the region, only between one-third and one-half of these school leavers succeed in getting a training place, and in 1994 Munro (1994: 109) observed that the school-to-work transition had failed which had major ramifications for everyone involved, causing underemployment of school leavers (Munro, 1994: 116). The seriousness of this trend is made even more apparent by the fact that school-leavers are even ready to enter apprenticeships that lead them into dead-end occupations (Heinz, 1987: 129). Drucker (1973: 232) however, states that while this may be so, to be uneducated is an economic liability and is unproductive, even though education is producing an unemployable, overeducated proletariat. (Drucker, 1973: 233) According to Mehan (1973: 240) education is a major socialisation agency, which moulds the individuals self-concepts into a socially accepted format, allowing each individual to be slotted into a specific function (Sargent, 1994: 240). Sargent (1994: 240) points out that in the function of education values are essentially involved and are taught beside worldly knowledge. However, this knowledge interprets the world, but does not necessarily  correspond with any external state (Sargent, 1994: 232). The transmission of knowledge, skills and values, helps to sort and rank individuals, that they might be better placed in the labour market (Munro, 1994: 96). This raises a paradox, however, where education is seen by many as the best possible means of achieving greater equality in society (Sargent, 1994: 233), yet it categorises the graduates into job specifications, personality types and the opportunities granted to each. Sargent (1994: 231) furthers this thought by explaining that the education system is an integral part of determining position and power in our society (Sargent, 1994: 231), and that through education the class structures are compounded, making it more difficult for those in the working classes from advancing in the social hierarchy. The education institution both absorbs and perpetuates the ideology, masquerading as knowledge, which legitimises inequality (Sargent, 1994: 231). Regardless of the inequalities produced, it has become the absolute prerequisite of soci al and economic development in our world to have a highly educated pool of people ready for the labour market (Drucker, 1973: 232). In conclusion, the failure of the education system to reduce social inequality and produce better workers, raises serious doubts as to its effectiveness. Life chances created through education appear to be diminishing, despite the extension of education. The knowledge taught seems to be ineffective in preparing students to cope with life. Functionalists need to reassess the structure of education, as it loses its ability to effectively provide for graduates, becoming dysfunctional in its goals to remove inequality and give a head start to people entering the work force. When looking at the education system, it is necessary to ask if the cost spent on educating people is being effectively used, considering the increasing number of educated poor. The gap between knowledge taught and life experience needs to be bridged, for education to effectively function. If, as it appears, schools are to socialise and reproduce effective and functioning members of society, the curricula has to be ad dressed. Bibliography Davis, Nanette J. (1999). Youth Crisis: Growing up in the High Risk Society. Praeger Publications, Westport Drucker, Peter F. (1973). The Educational Revolution, Social Change: Sources, Patterns, and Consequences (2nd ed) Amitai Etzioni and Eva Etzioni-Halevy (Eds). Basic Books Inc., New York. pp 232 238 Furlong, Andy, and Cartmel, Fred (1997). Young People and Social Change: Individualisation and Risk in Late Modernity. Open University Press, Buckingham Heinz, Walter R. (1987). The Transition from School to Work in Crisis: Coping with Threatening Unemployment, Journal of Adolescent Research (Vol 2). pp 127 141 Illich, Ivan (1973). The Breakdown of Schools: A Problem or a Symptom, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., Canada. pp 311 336 Mehan, Hugh (1973). Assessing Childrens School Performance, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., Canada. pp 240 264 Munro, Lyle (1994). Education, Society and Change: A Sociological Introduction to Contemporary Australia Brian Furze and Christine Stafford (Eds). Macmillan Education Australia Pty. Ltd., South Melbourne. pp 96 128 Pink Floyd (1978) The Wall, The Wall. Mushroom Records, California. Sargent, Margaret (1994). Education for equality? employment? emancipation?, The New Sociology for Australians. Longman Cheshire Pty. Ltd., Melbourne. pp 231 256 Webb, J., Schirato, T. and Danaher, G. (2002). Bourdieu and Secondary Schools, Understanding Bourdieu pp 105 106 (Reprinted in Sociological Reflections on Everyday Life: GSC 1201 Reader). Allen and Unwin, Sydney. pp 227 238

Science Versus Faith In Memoriam A. H. H. Essay -- memoriam

The Victorian Age, named for the queen who reigned nearly the entire century, was characterized by incredible scientific progress. Charles Darwin, for example, came forth with his treatise The Origin of Species, which advanced his radical theories of evolution and survival and rocked the pillars of traditional Christian faith in humankind's superiority to the beasts of the earth. Darwin's theories of natural selection and survival of the fittest conflicted with the story of the Creation related in the Bible. Moreover, scientists now had proof that the Earth was much older than had ever been imagined before, making the history of humanity seem like a blink of the universe's eye. The Victorian population could no longer blindly accept that the world had been created in six days after geologists had proven that the world evolved into its current form over millions of years. In addition, a theory called "Higher Criticism" developed which read the Bible not as the infallible word of God, but as a historical text. In the face of these incredible and disturbing discoveries and theories, the faith of many Victorian Christians was profoundly shaken. The Victorian masses no longer had a bedrock of tradition and Biblical scripture to stand upon; it had been dashed to pieces by fossilized rocks and the skulls of apelike men. The poet laureate of the age, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, the voice of the Victorian people, expresses his horror and bewilderment at the implications of these scientific discoveries in "In Memoriam A. H. H." In sections 54, 55, and 56 of this lengthy poem, Tennyson finds his belief in God weakened and his faith foundering in the face of scientific fact. Â   Â   Â   Â  In the face of evolution, geology, and natural selection, ... ...eration of evidence he cannot deny. He is wounded by God's apparent betrayal of humanity and desperate for an answer, but there is none forthcoming. It took years for the wounds inflicted by science on the faithful to heal. Some Victorians chose agnosticism as their new philosophy of God; if someone could prove to them His Existence, then they would believe. Others chose to become atheists. Atheism stated that there was no God, no afterlife, and no divine creator. While neither of these theologies was very popular during the Victorian period, they have continued to exist. The citizens like Tennyson who attempted to reconcile their old faith with their new knowledge had to find ways to blend the two together, to show that it was possible for God to work through Nature to achieve His ends. They had to gather together the dust of Earth, and with it shape a Heaven. Â  

School Violence: Cause and Remedies

School Violence : Causes And Remedies Educators and policy makers have been grappling with the issue of violence in schools for decades, . Educators, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, political scientists, anthropologists, and sociologists have all weighed in on the possible causes. Sifting through the theories can be overwhelming, and implementing effective violence prevention programs is often frustrating. No wonder, then, that teachers and administrators often feel defeated when they confront the dangerously aggressive behavior of some pupils.According to a federal survey. Seventy-one percent of all public elementary and secondary schools reported at least one violent incident during the 1999-2003 school years. Causes: Violent behavior and the intent to act violently are potential symptoms of numerous psychiatric disorders. Conduct Disorder, a state of persistent disregard for social conventions and rules and manifesting as criminal and antisocial behavior before the a ge of 18, is perhaps the most frequently mentioned diagnosis among violent youth.In addition substance abuse and dependence can contribute substantially to violent acts, either by reducing inhibitions among otherwise nonviolent students or by creating a climate through drug transactions in which violence is central. More rarely, impulsive behavior found in conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder can lead to violent outbursts. Finally, diagnoses such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder, and a range of psychotic disorders have been associated with the development of violent behavior among youth.In addition to certain psychiatric diagnoses, characteristics such as low verbal IQ, immature moral reasoning, poor parental modeling, poor social skills, and lack of social supports have all been associated with the development of violent behavior in children. Studies examining characteristics particular to the school environment have found that a weakly structured school and a student's poor academic performance, low commitment to education, and, perhaps most important, poor attachment to the school are all strong indicators of potential violence.In addition, schools that tolerate physical and social aggression, especially when perpetrated by elite student groups within the school, are increasingly at risk for the outbreak of violence on or around school grounds. These characteristics alone are not sufficient to predict the occurrence of violence. Remedies: Clinicians and school officials must pay special attention to potential motives for and means of committing violence.They must be willing to discuss provocative and threatening journal writing and art projects with students and with designated school authorities who decide what actions to take to protect the student and the school. Listening to students who express concern about another student's behavior is particularly important. Ignoring violent behavior or wanting t o let â€Å"someone else† deal with the problem is a normal parental reaction. Discussing with your child ways to protect themselves is not â€Å"scaring† them unnecessarily, but is equipping your child to not be a victim.There are things you can do to help your child if the unthinkable does occur. Studies of extremely violent behavior in schools have found that those who commit high-profile acts of violence have almost always made their intentions known to peers through direct or indirect communications. Educators must foster a setting in which students are comfortable making their concerns known to teachers and peers. Interventions both to curb and to address student violence must be multifaceted. Serious psychiatric disorders indicate the need for counseling and possibly medication. The treatment plan must integrate legal considerations.Recent innovative approaches show promise for addressing violent behavior in schools. One of them is Multi systemic Treatment, whic h involves multiple and active interventions for young people who commit violence, has attracted increasing attention during the past decade. Schools are an important setting for addressing violent youth, and the extent to which students feel attached to their school has direct bearing on the likelihood of later and ongoing violence. Schools, therefore, are a necessary part of the complicated equation that will ultimately make learning and development safer and more rewarding for everyone.

Mkt 421 Week 3 Learning Team Submission

Starbucks has a specific target audience for the company’s soup line. According to â€Å"Who Is Starbucks' Target Audience? † (2012), â€Å"This audience is adult male and adult females from the ages of twenty-five to forty years old. This is approximately half of Starbucks total business† (para. 3). The company has another large target market audience. According to â€Å"Who Is Starbucks' Target Audience? † (2012), â€Å"Starbucks’ second largest target market is forty percent of its business. This audience is between the ages of eight-teen to twenty-four† (para. 4).This helps the company to target a mature audience that will appreciate the wholesome goodness of the company’s soup line. One potently large target market the soup line will open up is catering business lunches. This will open up corporate America to the value that Starbucks presents. This corporate customer will not only purchase soup, but will also be able to purchase c offee with the order. This audience already consumes the company’s’ coffee, but goes elsewhere for their meal plans. This is also an attempt to gain customers from fast food establishments that would like a more upscale dining experience.This experience along with the other things like internet access is what Starbucks offers its customers. Who Is Starbucks' Target Audience?. (2012). Retrieved from http://smallbusiness. chron. com/starbucks-target-audience-10553. html It might be argued that Starbucks is no more than a fast food company paralleling such chains as McDonalds, Wendy’s, and Taco Bell. The company appears to provide the same basic service customers expect from a fast food giant. One sharp marketing contrast however, consistently has Starbucks standing out far above the others.Starbucks Corporation counts on the same customers visiting their local stores daily and sometimes multiple times in a day. Most fast food chains cannot typically tout such a cl aim. Starbucks’ customer base is not necessarily specific to age, gender, or cultural origin. Starbucks customers are those who buy-in to the sophisticated image of the â€Å"Siren,† and all she represents. Many Americans have always loved good coffee and coffee drinking as a social event. Starbucks capitalizes on this tradition and caters to the coffee house crowd.In the minds of many, coffee houses represent a rather bohemian genre of artists, poets, and scholars. Starbucks customers know there is a bit of the coffee house crowd in all of us. The company markets a sense of social freedom that has timeless appeal. Starbucks customers like the feeling of exclusivity that being a Starbucks customer provides. Knowing the quirky Starbucks language is an example that is exclusively Starbucks. Starbucks language is a kind of mix of Italian and English. For example, beverage preparers are referred to as â€Å"baristas. Beverage titles like â€Å"caramel macchiato,† a nd â€Å"Triple, Vente, no foam, three Splenda, skinny, latte,† are fun to say and make the customer feel worldly and sophisticated. Ordering the exclusively Starbucks â€Å"frappacino† satisfies that strange attraction Americans seem to have toward all things European; never mind that the trademarked word frappacino is not a real word in any language. In addition, Starbucks customers value time and are often master jugglers and multitaskers. Schedules that often overlap career, academics, and family needs are common among Starbucks customers.The new, â€Å"Cup of Comfort† line of gourmet soups provides customers a way to grab a healthy bite of lunch or dinner without interrupting an already busy day. Soccer mom can swing through the drive through so little Bobby or Jennifer can eat a healthy meal before practice and mom can get a quick boost to keep her going. â€Å"Cup of Comfort,† adds an appealing element to the Starbucks menu and satisfies a need for something substantial and healthy in customers’ diets during an afternoon or evening visit to this favorite gathering place.

5 Clues That Its Time to Quit

5 Clues That Its Time to Quit Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic of the Harvard Business Review has compiled 5 tell-tale warning signs that may indicate it’s time for you to start job hunting. You’re Not LearningYour mind- and your career- thrive when you are constantly encountering new information, developing new skills, or following your natural curiosity into continuous learning. If your job offers you no pathway to move forward and continue growing, why are you there? The invigorating stress of a job search might even spill over into your current job- try it and see.You Are UnderperformingI wish I had researched this article in the spring of 2010; I was underutilized at my job, had a micromanaging boss, and coasted through each day with no motivation, excitement, or incentive to work any harder. If this is you, GET OUT! Find a job where you are engaged, or stressed, or challenged- anything but zoned out. If you need motivation, try to imagine the resume blurb for your current underwhelming job. â€Å"Sat at desk and tried not to nod off in front of boss. Filed company paperwork. Thought fondly of death.† Yeah, it’s time to move on.You Feel UndervaluedAppreciation can come in many forms, but if you don’t feel like your supervisors or colleagues understand your value, you may be experiencing burnout and counterproductive self-sabotage that lowers the productivity of more than just yourself. Maybe you can speak up for what you need- or maybe there’s another organization out there that can appreciate you for what you bring to the table.You’re Just In It For the MoneyWith the obvious caveat that lots of us do lots of things because we have bills that need paying, if literally the only reason you show up each day is the promise of an eventual paycheck, you are in the wrong job. Many studies have shown that compensation can make up for the lack of intrinsic rewards like enjoyment, curiosity, or personal fulfillment, but it won’t be rewarding and you certainly won’t be motivated to do your best work.You Hate Your BossThis is the biggest red flag because everything else- responsibilities, supervisees, assessment, even compensation- can be altered or adjusted. But in order to complain about your boss you have to invoke HR or go over their head (or, just wait for them to implode, if they are incompetent).Chamorro-Premuzic’s research found that 75% of working adults cite their immediate supervisors as the most stressful part of their job. This may mean your company has failed to identify and cultivate good leadership, or it might just be a personality mismatch. Either way, you may need to move on to break free.What do you think- do any of these apply, and if so, make sure to sign up and get matched with the latest job opportunity!

Examples of Physical Changes

Examples of Physical Changes Physical changes involve states of matter and energy. No new substance is created during a physical change, although the matter takes a different form. The size, shape, and color of matter may change. Physical changes occur when substances are mixed but dont chemically react. How to Identify a Physical Change One way to identify a physical change is that such a change may be reversible, especially a phase change. For example, if you freeze water into an ice cube, you can melt it into the water again. Ask yourself: Is the change reversible? Not all physical changes are easy to reverse.Was there a color change (with exceptions), bubble formation, or formation of a precipitate? These are all signs of a chemical change, not a physical change.Is the chemical identity of the end product the same as it was before the change? If the answer is yes, its a physical change. If the answer is no, its a chemical change. Examples of Physical Changes Crushing a canMelting an ice cubeBoiling waterMixing sand and waterBreaking a glassDissolving sugar and waterShredding paperChopping  woodMixing red and green marblesSublimation of  dry iceCrumpling a paper bagMelting solid sulfur into liquid sulfur. This is an interesting example since the state change does cause a color change, even though the chemical composition is the same before and after the change. Several nonmetals, such as oxygen and radon, change color as they change phase.Chopping an appleMixing salt and sandFilling a candy bowl with different candiesVaporizing liquid nitrogenMixing flour, salt, and sugarMixing water and oil Indications of a Chemical Change Sometimes the easiest way to identify a physical change is to rule out the possibility of a chemical change. There may be several indications that a chemical reaction has occurred. Note: Its possible for a substance to change color or temperature during a physical change. Evolving bubbles or releasing gasAbsorbing or releasing heatChanging colorReleasing an odorInability to reverse the changePrecipitation of a solid from a liquid solutionFormation of a new chemical species. This is the best and surest indicator. A change in the chemical properties of the sample may indicate a chemical change (e.g., flammability, oxidation state).

Caring for the Dying Patient and Their Family Members Essay

Caring for the Dying Patient and Their Family Members - Essay Example Healing begins at this intersection where clinical problems/issues (dilemmas) emerge and suffering can best be understood. It is the accepting of others' different perspectives and beliefs that helps strengthens and creates resilience in the crisis time of suffering. The experience of suffering from an illness can be alleviated by those who play a role in the lives of the one suffering. These individuals are the ones whom the patient is connected with. We often consider the ones who are connected to the person with the illness as close family members and friends. Doctors and nurses, particularly family nurses can play a big role in alleviating the patient's suffering. The reason they play a big role is because the person with the illness, or the patient, has close ties to the nurse (medical practitioner) as he or she depends on the nurse for medical care on a regular basis. Some patients and family members (this includes friends) may not realize it but the nurse also provides more than medical care such as emotional and mental encouragement, strength, hope, and so on. Or the nurse can offer the opposite and place more fear and discouragement upon the patient and family members. There is much stress when dealing with one who is suf... Not only is there stress for the patient and family members but stress for the medical staff. All humans need the support of others. When hit by a major life-changing event, humans usually have the need to share this experience with someone who they feel close to-a friend, work associate, and/or a spouse. Many studies have shown that the impact of a major life event can be changed, or modified, by a support network. (Rock, 1992 The responsibilities of nurse and medical practitioners extend further than they used to. It no longer is an age where the nurse just helps solve medical problems and cares for the physical ailment. They are an extension of the family and a link/connection to the family's ability to handle and overcome the experiences of suffering. The nurse and family interact with each other and converse with each other in this trying time and it is the knowledge, understanding, and relieving of the suffering from this type of interaction that gives the family strength and resilience during a time of family crisis. The way a nurse thinks, the languages he or she uses, the questions he or she asks, and the values that are placed on relationships can create family strengths and resiliency in the midst of suffering. "Illness is a family Caring for Patient 4 affair" and the medical staff members are part of the family. (Bell, J., 1992, pp. 244-246.) Resiliency is the "ability to recover readily from illness, depression, adversity, or the like; buoyancy," as defined by resiliency. (n.d.). Resiliency is the ability to bounce back after a down time especially a time of crisis. Suffering from an illness is definitely a time of crisis for the family. Families know quite well the experience